To assess the Periodontal status of the Transgender To suggest the measures to improve their existing Periodontal status Prior permission was obtained from AHEAD. [Aravanigal Health Empowerment And Development]. All the available 137 members were examined at the AHEAD Office with their consent. Through questionnaire information regarding demographic details, dietary habits, Oral hygiene practices, and personal habits was obtained.The Periodontal status was recorded on the WHO oral health assessment form 1997 (modified). The examination was carried out under natural light by using mouth mirrors, and CPI probe. 5.73% were with different stages of periodontal diseases and 16.8 % had loss of periodontal attachment. Significant observation was that 5.73% were with different stages of periodontal diseases and 16.8 % had loss of periodontal attachment and high gutka chewing habits (35 %) which might be the reasons for high prevalence of periodontal diseases. Smoking and pan chewing habits were 6.6%, 5.8% respectively.

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with a global prevalence rate of 8.3%. Diabetes not only affect general health but also oral health leading to periodontitis. Low level of knowledge about diabetes and lack of awareness regarding preventive options will ultimately impact self-care behavior. To assess diabetes related knowledge among patients attending Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar (VMS) Dental College outpatient department in Salem city, Tamilnadu. <strong>Materials And Methods: </strong>A cross sectional study was carried out for about two weeks which encompassed a convenient sample of 400 subjects aged 18-80 years. Knowledge of respondents regarding diabetes was measured using 15 item self-administered modified Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ).<strong> Results: </strong>When knowledge regarding cause of diabetes was considered, only 40% of subjects were aware that diabetes is not a communicable disease. Almost half (57.5%) of the participants believed that sweet consumption causes diabetes. Furthermore, 55% participants knew that diabetes can damage kidney and around 54.5% agreed that diabetes can also affect dental health. The higher mean knowledge scores was observed among males compared to females and the difference was statistically insignicant (p=0.37). Significantly higher mean knowledge scores were dissipated by subjects with graduation education (p=0.01), those with professional occupation (p=0.02) and participant from urban location (p=0.00). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed significantly lower level of awareness regarding diabetes among rural respondents compared to urban residents. Gap related to diabetes mellitus knowledge should be abridged between rural and urban province in order to reduce disease burden and to yield positive health outcomes in the society.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes management; Knowledge; Oral self-care.</p>

Background: Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health sciences with the basic sciences also contributes in health maintenance and promotion for the population. Objectives: The primary objective was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among pharmacy students in Salem toward oral health. Secondary objectives are to correlate KAP with their oral health status. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using self-administered 16-item pretested and pre-validated questionnaire and oral health status data were collected using the WHO oral health assessment form (1997) targeting pharmacy students Vinayaka Missions College of pharmacy. Six, four, and six questions were used to assess pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 to perform the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman's correlation, and linear regression analysis. Results: 386 participated in the survey (263 males and 123 females). The highest mean for knowledge was among 17–21 years of age group students (18.07 ± 3.07) and this was statistically significant when compared to another age group ( P < 0.05). The gender difference was seen with males having a significantly ( P < 0.001) more positive mean ± SD oral health KAP compared to their female counterparts. KAP scores upon correlation revealed a positive relationship between knowledge-attitude (r = 0.015), knowledge-practice (r = 0.016), and attitude-practice (r = 0.069). Results: 386 participated in the survey (263 males and 123 females). The highest mean for knowledge was among 17–21 years of age group students (18.07 ± 3.07) and this was statistically significant when compared to another age group ( P < 0.05). The gender difference was seen with males having a significantly ( P < 0.001) more positive mean ± SD oral health KAP compared to their female counterparts. KAP scores upon correlation revealed a positive relationship between knowledge-attitude (r = 0.015), knowledge-practice (r = 0.016), and attitude-practice (r = 0.069). Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that oral health KAP of students is inadequate and needs to be improved as they play an important role in the patients' counseling toward oral care.

A study was conducted to evaluate the changes in the attractiveness and acceptance of a posed smile with computerised variations of the smile parameters and head types. Two adults, one male and one female were selected. Their posed smile photographs were taken, which were morphed into different images [by using Adobe Photoshop Version 7 and Adobe Photoshop CS2 soft wares]. The judges in our study were educated and uneducated males and females and dental professionals. Results of our study showed that, the smile parameter acceptable for a particular head type was more or less acceptable to the other head types. The overall acceptance of smile parameters showed that an acceptable smile should have minimum buccal corridor space, an upper lip that elevates till the marginal gingiva and a lower lip that is coincident with the upper incisaledges.

Background: Nursing profession execute an imperative role in health promotion, disease, and injury prevention, providing care and assist in cure of patients with diverse age groups, and backgrounds both in individual and community settings. The study aimed to determine and compare the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) with oral health status among nursing students in Salem. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing students of Vinayaka Mission's Annapoorna College of Nursing, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. The study included self-administered questionnaire covering demographic details and oral health KAP questions (18-items) followed by oral examination using the World Health Organization survey (2013). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22. Results: Two hundred and sixty-one students were included in the survey (63 males and 198 females). Females reported better mean ± standard deviation (SD) in knowledge (24.08 ± 4.3), attitude (5.43 ± 1.3), and practice (10.82 ± 1.5, P = 0.000) than males. Moreover third-year students had higher mean ± SD scores in knowledge (24.42 ± 4.3) and practice (10.89 ± 1.7) while higher mean ± SD attitude scores (5.61 ± 1.2) was reported among second years. Relationship between attitude-practice indicated a positive significant correlation ( r = 0.145, P = 0.05). Conclusions: There are an adequate knowledge, negative attitude, and inadequate practice toward oral health among nursing students. The study introspects the gap between knowledge and actions. As attitude influence on a person's behavior, discriminate knowledge in the right direction to best bring out the outcomes.