In many conventional drug delivery systems in vogue, failure to deliver efficient drug delivery at the target site/organs; is evident as a result, less efficacious pharmacological response is elicited. Microspheres can be derived a remedial measure which can improve site-specific drug delivery to a considerable extent. As an application, Lung-targeting Ofloxacin-loaded gelatin microspheres (GLOME) were prepared by water in oil emulsion method. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the process of preparation, the appearance and size distribution were examined by scanning electron microscopy, the aspects such as in vitro release characteristics, stability, drug loading, loading efficiency, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in albino mice were studied. The experimental results showed that the microspheres in the range of 0.32-22 microm. The drug loading and loading efficiency were 61.05 and 91.55% respectively. The in vitro release profile of the microspheres matched the korsmeyer's peppas release pattern, and release at 1h was 42%, while for the original drug, ofloxacin under the same conditions 90.02% released in the first half an hour. After i.v. administration (15 min), the drug concentration of microspheres group in lung in albino mice was 1048 microg/g, while that of controlled group was 6.77 microg/g. GLOME found to release the drug to a maximum extent in the target tissue, lungs.

According to a World Health Organization report published in 2010, 346 million people worldwide have diabetes; in Saudi Arabia, 16.8% of the population has been diagnosed with type 2 disease. Many patients with type 2 diabetes are unable to maintain adequate glycemic control even after receiving recent anti-diabetic drugs. Combination vildagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablets are available; however, both conventional drugs have a short half-life. The formulation of mucoadhesive nanoparticles for these classes of drugs can be most beneficial, as they release the drug slowly into the gastrointestinal tract and maintain the therapeutic drug concentration. Vildagliptin and metformin hydrochloride were prepared with carbopol (VMCN) using a Buchi Nano Spray Drier B-90. The surface morphology was found to be shriveled (due to surface folding), and the average particle size was 437 nm. The percentage drug yield for vildagliptin and metformin hydrochloride in the nanoparticles was 71%±0.5% and 74%±0.3%, respectively, while the drug content was 84%±0.4% and 89%±0.4%, respectively. Ex vivo studies of mucoadhesion were 6.9±0.3 hours. The percentage of swelling was recorded as 162%±4%. In vivo studies of nanoparticles containing vildagliptin and Downloaded by [Selcuk Universitesi] at 08:11 27 December 2014 2 metformin hydrochloride showed that these values were 3.9% and 4.1% at 12 hours respectively.

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