It was found that the turpentine of Pinus nelsonii contained 49.60% l‐α‐pinene, 41.50% l‐β‐pinene, 1.02 dipentene, 0.24% camphene, and 0.01% n‐heptane. The remainder contained 3.74% of oxygenated substances derived mainly from terpenes (including probably some oxygenated sesquiterpenes); about 0.02% of unidentified, low‐boiling materials, pot residue, and losses. The possible occurrence in P. nelsonii turpentine of the oxygenated materials should be rechecked, using freshly collected material. The identification of camphene and n‐heptane must be considered as tentative, only. The turpentine of Pinus occidentalis contained 63.8% d‐, dl‐α‐pinene, 22.2% l‐β‐pinene, 7.7% d‐Δ3‐carene, 1.8% methyl chavicol, 1.1% dipentene, 0.5% d‐longifolene, 0.3% linalool, 0.2% camphene, and 0.1% n‐heptane, with the remaining 2.3% accounted for by unidentified terpenes, pot residue, and losses. The identification of the last four constituents must be considered only tentative.

No abstract

contained some a-pinene and the tails contained A3-carene. A heart cut (22%) had the following properties: b760, 165-166"; d:4, 0.8609; n ' : . ' , 1.4772; [a]"D4, -16.2". I-p-Pinene was identified in this fraction by preparation of nopinic acid melting a t 126". No depression in melting point occurred upon admixture with authentic nopinic acid.Fraction 7 was a mixture of 8-pinene and A3carene. Fraction 8 was mainly A3-carene. The nitrosate of Fraction 8 was prepared and after 3 recrystallizations melted a t 144.5'. A mixed melting point determination with authentic d-A3-carene nitrosate showed no depression. The optical rotation of Fractions 11 and 12 were negative, apparently due to the presence of E-limonene, but A3-carene nitrosate was prepared from fraction 12.Fraction 13 was redistilled over sodium in a Claisen flask yielding a heart cut with the properties 1.4785. Preparation of a tetrabromide was attempted but no crystalline derivative was obtained.Fractions 18 and 19 contained an unidentified sesquiterpene. On attempting to prepare a hydrochloride from fraction 19, no solid derivative was obtained.From 2 ml. of fraction 21. one Gm. of a crude b760, 174-177"; [a]":, -58.2'; d i a " , 0.8465; n ' : , hydrochloride was obtained treatment with dry -HCl gas in ether solution. After two recrystallizations from glacial acetic acid the crystals melted a t 59" and showed no depression on admixture with longifolene hydrochloride derived from P. pcnderosa of the Black Hills. It is estimated that about 4% of the original turpentine is d-longifolene. To sum up, the gum turpentine from P. ponderosa from McNary, Ariz., contains approximately: 34% d-and dl-a-pinene; 14% 1-p-pinene; 31% d-A3-careue; 4% 1-limonene (suspected but not identified) ; 4% d-longifolene and 4-5% unidentified sesquiterpene. inus chihuahuana Engelmann is essentially a pMexican pine . It is known under the name of Pino prieto, P. saguaco, or P. chamonque and i t occurs as far south as the states of Nayarit, Zacatecas, and the northern part of Jalisco. It grows chiefly in the states of Durango, Chihuahua, and Sonora. I n the United States i t occurs in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. Botanically it is related to P i n u s leiophylla and P. lumholtzii (8). From its discovery in 1848, for over 60 years, Chihuahua pine was considered as a valid species (9); in 1909 Shaw (8) designated i t as a variety of P. Liophylla. Martinez (5) is of the opinion t h a t P. chihuahu-* Received December 23 1953 from the Iustitute of Forest Genetics, California Forest and 'Range Experiment Station, maintained by the Forest Service, U S Divartmrnt of Agriculture, in cooperation with the University of California, Berkeley. grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. The work reported in this paper was aided through a ana deserves a specific rank. Analysis of turpentine of P. chihuahuana reported in this paper seems t o substantiate Sudworth's and Martinez's contention : while the turpentine obtained by Mirov ( 6 ) from P. leiophylla (in Michoacan) consisted ...

Chernical con~laositiol-r of turpentines in lodgepole-jack pilie hyb,ritIs was stticlied. ?Vheii the two pines were artific-ialIy crashed, thc /iI gcrier,iriori poszrssccl t u r p e~~t i~i c in lvlaich the bicyclic terpcries of jack pine dorriini,~tc.cl ox-cr the siliapler, raioiiucyclic terpene -phellarndrt.rae-of lodqepc~le pir~e. ' I riles in a ~l,~t~ll-aT hyi)ri(l s\varrn also tended to\v,~rds a prctfo~niu:lnce of t h c jacl; piire hic>rclic tcrpcincs. Ver;. little is known aboaat the iiiherit,~~ic.c o f c1lernic;~l chitract ers iri plants.If ontl pase~lt "A'' h ;~s a cher-r~ical coi~lpou~iel 'ha" ,lnd allother parelit ""U" has insteat1 ;t c.ompounct "b" of the same class of compoulids (e.g. terpenes, organic ;ii.icls, or ;my other clitss), what kind of cornpoulld rilriy he espccted to be prest.n$ in the Ilyhricl between " A " :in(.1 "B" ? LVh,lt. kintl of c.oliipoarnd \vould t~c found in a hybrid swarm, when the "A" plant and the "B" plalit meet and cross unticr iiaturnl conditiorls ? r .