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Kotania Bay, have a very potential fisheries resources, including demersal fish that have high economic value. The utilization of fish resources is generally carried out by fishermen from villages around the Bay of Kotania, with fishing equipment that is friendly and not environmentally friendly. Fishermen activities cause the degradation of important ecosystems, therefore, the catch and size of the caught fish tends to decrease over time. The aimed of this study are to find the proper methods to manage demersal fish based on the socio-economic condition of fishermen. FGD and Interview methods were used to obtain informations about the location of catching, the catch and the species caught. The result showed that 46% of the residents of Pulau Osi village work as fishermen, while those from village of Wael are only 47.42%. Demersal fish catches were highest between January and February and the lowest during August. The catch consisted of family Serranidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae and Labridae. The policies are needed to protect the demersal fish population, especially the endanger species through the concept sustainable management.

Study on community structure of target reef fish at four tiny islands coral reefs in inner Kotania bay was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018. Underwater Visual Census method was used to collect and examine data concerning several parameters of target reef fish community structure. At least 18 families of target reef fish which consist of 37 genera and 105 species were found during the study. Good and excellent categories of coral reefs condition had higher species richness and individual abundance of target reef fish, while lower in fair category. Seven target reef fish species have a wide distribution, while other 15 species were limited. In general, target reef fish community at four tiny islands coral reefs had high species diversity and evenness indexes with low species dominance value. It can be concluded that target reef fish community in the area in stable or in steady state condition.

Coastal utilization that is not directed by the surrounding community such as sand and stone extraction and disposal of solid and liquid waste to the beach can cause damage to coastal ecosystems including seagrass ecosystems. Efforts to restore the diminishing condition of the seagrass ecosystem is through seagrass transplantation activities using the TERFS (Transplanting Eelgrass Remotely With Frame System) method. This research was conducted from February 2019 - 31 May 2019. This study aimed to analyze the survival rate and growth rate and physical chemical factors of the waters that affect the growth of the seagrass Enhalus acorides transplanted using the poly bag method and the TERFS method (Transplanting Eelgrass Remotely With Frame System) in the coastal waters of Waai Village, Central Maluku Regency. The results showed that the Enhalus acorides seagrass had a survival rate of 100%. The value of the growth of seagrass for three weeks of observation is in frame 1 of 0.43 cm / day, in frame II of 0.47 cm / day and in frame III of 0.46 cm / day. The average value of the physical chemistry parameters of the waters at the transplantation location using the coastal waters of Waai Village, Central Maluku Regency is still within the range of environmental parameters of the marine waters supporting the growth of seagrass Enhalus acorides, including temperatures of 30.67 ℃, brightness of 100%, water depth of 45.67 cm, current velocity of 0.46 cm / sec, salinity of 29 ‰ and water pH of 7.53. The average value of nitrate content in the water column