This paper presents a novel method for the design of truncated microstrip patch antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) based on Double Looped Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) arrays for enhancement of bandwidth. The proposed antenna is suitable for WLAN/Wi-Fi, RFID applications. A truncated microstrip patch antenna without DGS was initially designed for a resonant frequency of 2.86GHz having a bandwidth of 95.6MHz. By integrating a new Double Looped CSRR array (DLCSRR) structure on the ground plane, resonant frequency of the antenna is shifted to 2.47GHz and also the bandwidth is enhanced to 202.5MHz. By implementing DLCSRR array structure on the ground plane size reduction and bandwidth enhancement of 52.79% is achieved. The performance of truncated microstrip patch antenna with DGS based on Double Looped CSRR array structure was also compared by replacing conventional proximity fed microstrip patch antenna with the same physical size. The conventional proximity coupled microstrip patch antenna is designed for a resonant frequency of 2.26GHz with a lower bandwidth of 23.3MHz. The antennas were designed using CST simulation software. The measurement results show a good agreement with simulated results

Particulate matter (PM) concentration and its impact on human health attracted a lot of attention globally during the recent COVID-19 outbreak. Monitoring and analysis of PM concentration was being done but not to the extent required on the global scale. The covid epidemic caused more emphasis on the monitoring and analysis of PM concentrations due to their impact on the human respiratory system. Thus, an attempt was made to review the monitoring, analysis, and health effects of exposure to PM. It was reported that PM2.5 concentrations not only impact human health via the respiratory system but also lead to Type II diabetes. This paper reviewed some of the mechanisms involved in the development of Type II diabetes on exposure to PM2.5, and the impact of particulate matter on respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, carcinogenicity effects on humans of exposure to PM in the atmosphere were briefly review.

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