No abstract

Integration processes in the EAEU are currently developing against the backdrop of new global geo-economic, scientific, technological, and socio-economic challenges, and there is a constant active comprehensive development of cooperation with external partners, which is one of the important components of the successful functioning of the EAEU. An urgent task is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for managing the processes of transnationalization and integration of the agricultural sector of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. To this end, a system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of measures to manage the processes of transnationalization in agriculture was formed. The dependence of development of the industry on an effective program for adapting organizations to new economic conditions was established, which should take into account the complex of processes in the market, political, economic and other factors affecting the effectiveness of activities and make provisions for managing the processes of transnationalization in agriculture. The use of indices and indicators of transnationalization and integration will make it possible to monitor and exert a managerial impact on the integration processes and the interpenetration of economic complexes of the Union countries in the context of inclusion in global economic systems.

Цель исследования – изучение процессов формирования целостного комплекса экономико-политических систем на межгосударственном уровне на базе интеграции, транснационализации и глобализации. Интеграция – процесс сближения двух и более политических и экономических структур, направленный в сторону взаимного сотрудничества. Транснациональные корпорации занимают лидирующие позиции на рынке сельскохозяйственной продукции, а также по объемам инвестиций в реальный сектор экономик принимающих стран. Анализ динамики глобализации позволяет выделить три источника ее развития: глобальный оборот факторов производства; финансовые и платежные операции; обмен товарами и услугами. В России в основном представлены ТНК, специализирующиеся на производстве сырья и пищевой продукции. Две трети крупнейших ТНК имеют свои представительства на территории России. Существует два основных подхода, применимых к оценке факторов деятельности ТНК на рынках стран ЕАЭС. Согласно первому, концентрирующему положительные эффекты деятельности ТНК, последние при выходе на внутренний рынок принимающих государств задают новый вектор интенсивного развития благодаря привнесению новых, более высоких стандартов качества и конкуренции. Второй подход направлен на выявление негативных последствий проникновения ТНК на рынки стран – членов ЕАЭС. В частности, анализируется вытеснение с внутреннего рынка менее эффективных хозяйствующих субъектов, неспособных адаптироваться к новым условиям конкуренции. Оптимальным решением с учетом сложившегося тренда считаем построение сотруднических отношений с транснациональными компаниями с перспективами объединения усилий по созданию крупных финансово-промышленных групп для представления интересов государства на мировом уровне. Направление будущих исследований – изучение влияния наднациональных институтов на продовольственную безопасность РФ. The aim of the research is to study the processes of forming an integral complex of economic and political systems at the interstate level on the basis of integration, transnationalization and globalization. Integration is a process of convergence of two or more political and economic structures, directed towards mutual cooperation. Transnational corporations occupy leading positions in the agricultural market, as well as in terms of investment in the real sector of the host countries' economies. Analysis of the dynamics of globalization allows us to identify three sources of its development: the global turnover of factors of production; financial and payment transactions; exchange of goods and services. In Russia, TNCs are mainly represented, specializing in the production of raw materials and food products. Two thirds of the largest TNCs have their offices in Russia. There are two main approaches applicable to assessing the factors of TNC activity in the markets of the EAEU countries. According to the first, which concentrates the positive effects of TNCs, the latter, when entering the domestic market of host states, set a new vector of intensive development due to the introduction of new, higher standards of quality and competition. The second approach is aimed at identifying the negative consequences of the penetration of TNCs into the markets of the EAEU member states. In particular, the author analyzes the displacement from the domestic market of less efficient economic entities that are unable to adapt to the new conditions of competition. The optimal solution, taking into account the current trend, is the building of cooperation relations with transnational companies with the prospect of combining efforts to create large financial and industrial groups to represent the interests of the state at the global level. Areas of future research – studying the influence of supranational institutions on the food security of the Russian Federation.

The transnationalization of world economic relations is one of the most pressing trends in the modern world economy. The most important feature of the globalization of the world economy is the transnationalization of business and the active exit of companies beyond national borders in order to expand markets for products and make investments. The processes of transnationalization of production and capital, the institutional units of which are transnational companies, are the driving force of not only the modern world economy, but also develop in the EAEU space. Integration leads to the emergence of economic interconnection between states and contributes to the emergence and formation of new supranational economic entities - transnational corporations - transnational management structures. The processes of transnationalization in agriculture are proceeding at a slower pace, which is associated with the low investment attractiveness of this sphere of economic activity in comparison with others, such as industrial and financial spheres. However, transnational processes today affect all economic spheres and the EAEU agricultural market is no exception. The process of integrating the agri-food complex of the EAEU into the world system is possible both through the creation of joint TNCs and through the arrival of foreign TNCs in the EAEU. The main economic prerequisite for the transnationalization and internationalization of agriculture in the EAEU is the concentration and centralization of both international capital and the capital of the EAEU member states. The article is devoted to the study of the processes of transnationalization in agriculture, the specific features of the synergistic effect in the transnational production system are revealed, indicators for assessing the effectiveness of measures to manage the processes of transnationalization in agriculture are considered.