Relevance. The concept of precision agriculture call for the use of physical and mathematical, technical and software tools for obtaining and processing information about agroecosystems, as well as for the implementation of agricultural practices directly in the field. To date, there are quite a few software products that can control the production of crops, in particular, the management of differentiated fertilization and compliance with elements of cultivation technology. The purpose of our research conducted over two years was to develop and test in real field conditions algorithms for the functioning of the module of the information and analytical system of crop management for specialized crop rotations involving flax.Methods. The objects of research were the elements of the information and analytical management system for resource-saving production of crop production "Vash urozhaj" (IASUR) and flax-long-lived variety Tonus (selection of the FSBI FNC LC). The experiment used an electronic field map in kml file format containing the coordinates of points, quantitative characteristics of indicators of the content of nutrients and chemical elements in elementary areas within the surveyed spatial object, a technological map of the cultivation of flax, developed specifically for this variety, task maps for the application of solid and liquid fertilizers in .csv file format.Results. Developed and formed in the information and analytical system "Vash urozhaj" electronic technological map of the cultivation of flax-long-legged variety Tonus, containing a list of technological operations, timing and quality characteristics of their implementation, including a possible set of machinery and equipment. The possibility has been tested and the effectiveness of the module for obtaining climatically secured flax yield has been determined — the planned estimated yield for this flax variety at the pilot site is 4.3 c/ha. When cultivated according to the technology adopted in the Federal Scientific Center of Bast Cultures, introduced into the agroplatform, a yield of 4.0 c/ha was obtained. The yield deviation by 6.98% relative to the calculated one is due to the weather features of the growing season of 2021.

The research was carried out on the basis of laboratory biotechnologies of All-Russian research institute of flax (Tver region) in 2010–2012, 2016. The aim of the work was to determine the amino acid and protein composition of culture filtrates of the anthracnose pathogen fungus Colletotrichum lini Manns et Bolley in order to adjust the concentration of selective agent in the nutrient medium when creating in vitro new flax genotypes resistant to anthracnose. It was established that the culture filtrates of strains 527 and 608 contain such amino acids as alanine, glycine, asparagine, cysteine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, as well as arginine in strain 527 and traces of tyrosine and lysine in strain 608. It was established that the concentration of amino acids in EC of strain 527 was significantly higher than in culture filtrate of strain 608. It was shown that the toxicity of the culture filtrate depended on the degree of aggressiveness of the anthracnose pathogen strain – culture filtrate of a strongly aggressive strain is more toxic than the culture filtrate of a weakly aggressive strain. Studies have revealed that when cultivating the fungus-causative agent of anthracnose on a nutrient medium, as the mycelium of fungus grew, the concentrations of asparagine, alanine, aspartic and glutamic acids, and glycine decreased in the culture filtrates. It was established that the change in amount of proteins happened during the entire period of cultivation of the mycelium of fungus on a liquid nutrient medium. It is shown that accumulation and content of proteins in culture filtrates of strains of different aggressiveness occurs in different ways. The more aggressive strain is (639), which is more toxic, contains and accumulates more proteins in the culture medium during the entire period of growth and development the less aggressive strain is (419).

The studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding technologies of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops" (Tver region) in 2016, 2018, 2021. The purpose of the research is to determine appropriate mineral composition of the selective medium for effective in vitro selection for resistance to anthracnose. Various mineral composition media were studied. It was found that it is possible to use nutrient media Gamborg, MS, SH-2, which do not contain vitamins, chelate complex and phytohormones, in order to obtain cultural filtrates of fungus strains - the causative agent of flax anthracnose. The culture filtrates obtained on the basis of these media were highly toxic and it was possible to use them for in vitro selection. It was noted that the callus formed on the basis of hypocotyl segments had a higher ability for morphogenesis compared to the callus formed on the basis of immature embryos. As for selective medium consisting of mineral salts of Gamborg medium and cultural filtrate, the proportion of formed morphogenic callus was the smallest in all genotypes taken in the study and amounted to 0.1–6.8%. Mineral composition of the selective medium and the morphogenetic potential of the genotype influenced the formation of morphogenic callus based on primary callus. Depending on the genotype, the proportion of morphogenic calli formed on Gamborg medium + CF was 0.1 - 2.2%, on MS medium + CF - 3.3 - 8.0%, on Sh-2 medium + CF - 3.4 – 8.1%, respectively. Mineral composition of the selective medium had no significant effect on formation of morphogenic cells based on transplanted callus. The proportion of morphogenic callus was 3.0–5.2% for Lenok variety; 3.0 - 5.4% - Rosinka; 0.1 - 4.3% - Zaryanka; 3.1 - 5.5% - for L 2053-5-11 line; 6.1 - 7.4% - L 957-8-7. The breeding lines L 2053-5-11 and L 957-8-7 had a high morphogenetic potential.

Цель исследования заключалась в разработке эффективной селективной системы invitro для создания устойчивых к антракнозу генотипов льна. В качестве объекта исследований использованы сорта и линии льна Linum usitatissimum L., различающиеся по устойчивости к антракнозу. Штаммы гриба, включённые в исследования, различались по вирулентности. В исследованиях использовали методики Доспехова, Курчаковой, Методические рекомендации по созданию, поддержанию, хранению и практическому использованию Коллекции микроорганизмов возбудителей болезней льна. В результате разработана селективная система invitro гриб Colletotrichum lini Mannset Bolley лён, позволяющая отбирать клетки льнадолгунца invitro, устойчивые к культуральному фильтрату, из которых с большей эффективностью можно получать растениярегенеранты, устойчивые к патогену. В культуральных фильтратах исследуемых штаммов возбудителя установлено наличие аминокислот: аланин, глицин, аспарагин, цистеин, аспарагиновая и глютаминовая кислоты, аргинин, треонин. Выявлена зависимость отзывчивости клеток льна на присутствие в среде продуктов жизнедеятельности гриба возбудителя антракноза от величины экспланта. Клетки пыльников в селективных условиях были более уязвимы, чем клетки незрелых зародышей. Выявлено влияние генотипа льна на потенции клеток к морфогенезу в селективных условиях. Клетки генотипов Л 95787, Алексим, Пенджаб, Зарянка обладали высокой морфогенетической активностью. Морфогенетический потенциал генотипов Л 150684, Росинка был исчерпан уже ко 23 пассажу. При разработке схемы селекции льна invitro на устойчивость к антракнозу получено 86 побегов, проверка которых на искусственном инфекционнопровокационном фоне показала, что генотипы различались по устойчивости. Наряду с устойчивыми и среднеустойчивыми к антракнозу линиями (на уровне 5075) были и формы, восприимчивые к болезни. У устойчивых и среднеустойчивых генотипов параметры устойчивости были на 1237 выше, чем у исходных форм.The purpose of the research was to develop an effective selective system invitro for the creation of flax genotypes resistant to anthracnose. Flax varieties and lines of Linum usitatissimum L. differing in resistance to anthracnose were used as the object of research. The fungal strains included in the researches differed in virulence. Dospekhov and Kurchakovas methods, Methodical recommendations on the creation, maintenance, storage and practical use of the Collection of microorganisms of flax pathogens were used in the researches. As a result, a selective invitro system called Fungal Colletotrichum lini Mannset Bolleyflax has been developed which allows the selection of cells of longstalked flax invitro resistant to culture filtrate from which pathogenresistant regenerants can be obtained with greater efficiency. In the culture filtrates of the studied pathogen strains the presence of amino acids is established: alanine, glycine, asparagine, cysteine, aspartic and glutamic acid, arginine, threonine. The dependence of the responsiveness of flax cells to the presence in the environment of waste products of the fungus, the causative agent of anthracnose, on the size of the explant was revealed. Anther cells under selective conditions were more vulnerable than cells of immature germs. The influence of flax genotype on cell potency to morphogenesis in selective conditions has been revealed. Cells of genotypes L 95787, Alexim, Penjab, Zaryanka possessed high morphogenetic activity. The morphogenetic potential of genotypes L 150684, Rosinka was exhausted already by passage 23. When developing a plan for the selection of flax invitro for resistance to anthracnose 86 shoots were obtained, checking them on an artificial infectiousprovocative background showed that the genotypes differed in resistance. Along with resistant and moderately resistant to anthracnose lines (at a level of 5075), there were also forms susceptible to the disease. In resistant and moderately resistant genotypes, resistance parameters were 1237 higher than in the original forms.

Изучение культуральных фильтратов штаммов возбудителя антракноза для использования в селекции льна in vitro на устойчивость к патогену РЕЗЮМЕИсследования проводили на базе лаборатории селекционных технологий ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр лубяных культур» (Тверская обл.) в 2018-2020 гг. Цель исследований -создание in vitro новых генотипов льна, устойчивых к антракнозу -одной из наиболее вредоносных грибных болезней. В результате исследований уточнен состав культурального фильтрата возбудителя антракноза. Выявлено, что токсичность культуральных фильтратов не зависела от вирулентности используемых в настоящих исследованиях штаммов -более токсичными оказались культуральные фильтраты штаммов 784 (сильновирулентного) и 780 (средневирулентного) (загнивание и отмирание первичных корешков на 5-е сутки наблюдали у 67-88% проросших семян), менее токсичны -штаммы 793 (сильновирулентный) и 788 (слабовирулентный) (на 5-е сутки загнивание и отмирание первичных корешков отмечено у 9-5% проросших семян). Установлено, что морфогенные очаги формировались активнее у генотипов, морфогенный каллус которых переносили на среду с более высокой концентрацией культурального фильтрата; показано, что во втором пассаже, при переносе морфогенных каллусов с селективной среды, содержащей 40 мл/л культурального фильтрата, на селективную среду, содержащую также 40 мл/л культурального фильтрата, а также при переносе морфогенных каллусов с селективной среды, содержащей 40 мл/л культурального фильтрата, на селективную среду, содержащую 44 мл/л культурального фильтрата, на 14-е сутки количество сформированных морфогенных каллусов и зеленых почек значительно больше, чем при переносе с селективной среды, содержащей 40 мл/л культурального фильтрата, на селективную среду, содержащую 36 мл/л культурального фильтрата. Получены жизнеспособные растения-регенеранты и выделены генотипы, которые в течение трех поколений сохраняли устойчивость к антракнозу на уровне 50-60%: НО-78 х Ленок, HJI-103-2 х Ленок, НЛ-40-1 х Ленок, HЭ-38 х Росинка, НЭ-36 х Ленок, НЭ-17 х Ленок, HЭ-16-2 х Росинка.