The subject of the study is to find ways to improve the usefulness of accounting data for its owners. The article highlights the interpretation of the concept of «owner of the organization»: the owners of all units of property, only the holders of the right to vote; only shareholder. It is concluded that financial statements are both a mandatory and a voluntary source of information for transactions on the transfer of ownership of a share and share. The situations of using accounting data on a mandatory basis are highlighted: to calculate the actual value of a share when a participant leaves the company or is expelled from it, and on a voluntary basis: to determine the transaction price when buying and selling shares or shares when it is impossible to evaluate the enterprise as a business. The author proved that the principle of conservatism does not allow to calculate the adequate property value of a share or share according to the organization’s financial statements.It is concluded that the calculation of the actual value of the participant’s share should be based on the assessment of the value of the enterprise as a business. The necessity of harmonization of normative documents regulating the procedure for the functioning of legal entities and the procedure for the formation of financial statements is substantiated.

The article explores the main problems that arise when teaching students the discipline «Accounting». The author defined the role of accounting in the preparation of students–economists. The article attempts to find ways to improve interdisciplinary communications. The directions of development of accounting and the need to develop a document that defines the conceptual foundations for the formation of accounting (financial) statements are indicated.

The interpretation and assessment of the organization’s liabilities is important for determining the amount of equity capital, which characterizes the well'being of the owners of the organization. The author highlighted the shortcomings of the current legislation in regulating the formation of information about the obligations of the organization. The article substantiates the incorrect use of the term «obligations» in relation to accounts payable. The analysis of the characteristics of liabilities noted in IFRS for their compliance with certain financial and business transactions. Accounts payable have been identified, which are not reflected in the accounting (financial) statements of the organization.

The article explores the value of the indicator «authorized capital» for the analysis of accounting (financial) statements from the position of creditors and lenders of the organization. The author singled out the main interpretations of the «authorized capital» indicator, which are present in the economic literature. The article analyzes the need to generate information on the structure of the authorized capital. The main purpose of information about the size of the authorized capital is singled out in order to ensure the financial interests of creditors and lenders.