Background: Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is Janapadoddhwamsa Vikara (epidemic disease) in Ayurveda, where Rasayana drugs (immunomodulators or rejuvenating therapy) have been advocated for controlling the diseases. Therefore, Guduchi Ghan Vati, containing a drug Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), a plant is selected for prevention of COVID-19. Objectives: To know the efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic intervention i.e. Guduchi Ghan Vati in prevention of COVID-19 infection among the community of containment areas. Methods: It is an open label, prospective, non-randomized, community based interventional study, carried out from 06 May to 23 June, 2020, in a containment zone Bijhari area of District Hamirpur of Himachal Pradesh, India. Guduchi Ghan Vati was provided to the community in dose of 500 mg twice a day with luke warm water on empty stomach for 30 days. Their demographic and health related data and Follow up of the same subjects was done on the 30th day through telephonic interviews using the E-format (google forms). Results: Total 1165 participants’ data were analysed to assess the efficacy and safety of Guduchi Ghan Vati. In the sample 85.2 % participants had no systemic disorders whereas 13.8 % participants were taking concomitant medicines for other morbidities. Incidence of COVID-19 positive cases was only 0.1% (n=01). Conclusion: Ayurvedic intervention (Guduchi Ghan Vati) was found to be safe and effective as a prophylactic measure for COVID-19 infection. This intervention was helpful in improving physical and psychological well-being with minimal adverse drug Reaction/Adverse Effect.

Background: Respiratory failure is the leading cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19. CURB-65 and A-DROP are widely used in predicting the severity and outcome in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). However these tools have not been assessed in patients with COVID-19 infection. A simple tool to stratify patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and for predicting the outcome at the time of hospital admission would be useful. Objective: To calculate CURB-65 and A-DROP score in COVID 19 patients and to correlate them with clinical outcome, hospital stay and CT severity score. Methods: This cross sectional study included consenting adult patients who presented with COVID 19 infection confirmed by real time RT-PCR, conducted at the hospital attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute involving 100 subjects. CURB-65 and A-DROP score was calculated, CT scan of thorax was done at the time of admission. Patients underwent various biochemical investigations. Based on WHO criteria patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 illness. We assessed the outcome with relation to measured CURB-65 /A-DROP score to know the prognosis in COVID19 patients. Results: The meanSD age of the subjects was 55.61  14.22 with 34 females and 66 males. Among 100 patients 76(76%) recovered where as death was seen in 24(24%). Maximum recovered patients had CURB-65 score 0, 1 and 2 and A-DROP score 0, 1 and 2 whereas maximum death patients had CURB-65 score 3, 4 and 5 and A-DROP score of 3,4 and 5. Chi-square test showed statistical significant association between CURB-65 score and Outcome (2=39.7; p=0.00), statistical significant association was also between A-DROP score and Outcome (2= 43.55; p=0.00). Chi-square test applied to associate the A-DROP and CURB-65 score showed statistical significant association between the two scores (2= 194.65; p=0.00). Both the scores individually showed statistically significant correlation with CT severity and duration of hospital stay. Conclusion:This study revealed significant correlation between the clinical severity of COVID 19 illness with CURB-65 and A-DROP scores. Study also showed significant correlation between the two measured scores with CT severity score and also duration of hospital stay. Hence, CURB-65 and A-DROP score can be used to assess the severity and predict the outcome in COVID 19 infection.

Background: The Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has caused a major pandemic posing a threat to the millions of lives all over the world. The evidence shows that there is a relation between the autonomic nervous system and coronaviruses and likewise, levels of inflammatory markers - C-reactive protein (CRP) and autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction is elicited using heart rate variability which in turn quantified using autonomous regulatory index (ARI). Hence this study was conducted to determine if ARI measured using patented NEUROCOR Precision HRV® Solution instrument could be used as a non-invasive measure of autonomic dysfunction among COVID-19 subjects. Materials & Methods: An exploratory study was conducted among randomly selected 22 COVID-19 male patients aged more than 18 years, admitted to COVID ward, Victoria Hospital, Bengaluru for 5 days, using ANS Recorder, a non-invasive heart rate variability recorder heart rhythm data were collected, one test per day continuously for 5 days and a patented NEUROCOR Precision HRV® Solution, an ANS Analysis Software instrument was used to record, analyze and interpret the heart rate variability in terms of ARI and CRP levels were measured. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The occurrence of autonomic dysfunction in COVID-19 patients using the Patented NEUROCOR Precision HRV® Solution was found to be among 50.0%. The median scores of average ARI indices were significantly lesser among those with higher health risk (28.39) compared to those with lower health risk (65.95) (P<0.05). The Median ARI index showed a weak negative correlation (r = -0.13, P>0.05) with CRP (P>0.05). ARI index showed a significantly excellent predictive ability in detecting the higher health risk with the areas under the curves (AUC) being 0.93 with an optimal cut-off of 40.85 with maximum sensitivity and specificity of 100.0% and 93.0%. Conclusion: Autonomous Regulatory Index (ARI) index with significantly excellent predictive ability in detecting the higher health risk can be used as a non-invasive measure of autonomic dysfunction among COVID-19 subjects.