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It is well established that the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams reflect vision- for-action and vision-for-perception, respectively. Further research has expanded on this distinction to provide two separate sets of evidence linking dorsal and ventral processing to (1) visual localization and discrimination and (2) processing of near and far space, respectively. However, little research has examined whether behaviours (localization, discrimination) can be differently affected by target distances (near and far). We examined (n=58) distance effect in attention through a modified spatial cueing procedure in a virtual 3D space. We found that target localization was faster for near than far targets, and the Inhibition of Return (IOR) was attenuated when orienting attention from far towards near space. In contrast, target discrimination was faster for far than near targets, and the IOR towards near space was not attenuated. Our results provide new insights into the functional specificity of the two visual streams.

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