The aim of the investigation was to provide a rationale for refusal from antibacterial therapy in the hypoplastic variant of chronic endometritis.Materials and Methods. The study involved 116 patients with burdened reproductive history (infertility, miscarriage, IVF and ET failures), who were diagnosed with the hypoplastic variant of chronic endometritis after complex examination (hysteroscopy, morphology and immunohistochemistry of the endometrium). The study was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the patients were examined and the autoimmune genesis of the disease was proved. At the second stage, the patients were divided into two groups, the main group (84 women) and the control (32 women). The patients in the control group received conventional antibiotic therapy with simultaneous administration of trophotropic medications (placenta hydrolysate laennec, phlebotonic diosmin 600). In the main group we used no antibiotic therapy having included only immunomodulating trophotropic agents in the treatment.Results. It was established that conventional therapy exerted no effect on the endometrial cell composition (CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + , CD56 + ) and humoral immunity indices. When using only immunomodulating trophotropic agents, positive tendencies were observed in normalization of the endometrial cell composition, autoimmunization indices decreased (IgG), the myometrium and endometrium blood supply improved, the endometrium proved to increase in thickness.Conclusion. The hypoplastic variant of chronic endometritis is a typical autoimmune process, in which administration of antibiotics is useless. At the same time, the positive tendencies revealed while using immunomodulating trophotropic agents have demonstrated expediency of their introduction.