retention rate was high with 89.5% after 12-month observation. The development of seizure frequency showed a continuous decrease in terms of 50%, 75% treatment respond rates and seizure free status. A total of 5 adverse drug reactions leading to discontinuation of LCM therapy were recorded in 5 of 181 patients (2.8%) during the observation period. The high retention rate observed in this retrospective chart review is assumed to indicate a good tolerability and effectiveness of an adjunctive LCM treatment in patients with uncontrolled partial epilepsy in Russia.

Introduction Following approval in 2009 of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS Therapy) for drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) in the Russian Federation, this is the first multicenter study across Russia to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive VNS Therapy. Methods The retrospective, observational registry included 58 pediatric patients with DRE (5–17 years old at implantation) who had ≥2 years of VNS. To ensure a robust evaluation process, changes in seizure frequency were evaluated for all seizure types as well as “most disabling” seizures (defined as seizures accompanied by falls, physical trauma, and/or incontinence in the absence of preventative measures). Results With 2 years of VNS Therapy, 37 of 49 patients (76%) experiencing the most disabling epileptic seizures had a >50% decrease in frequency of such seizures, and 16 (33%) reported no longer experiencing the “most disabling” seizure type. In addition, based on the McHugh Outcome scale, VNS Therapy had a positive outcome on both frequency and severity of all epileptic seizure types, with a >50% decrease in frequency of all epileptic seizure types noted in 37 of 58 patients (64%), and 31% of patients had a Class I outcome, including 11 patients (19%) who achieved seizure freedom. VNS Therapy also had a positive effect on the frequency of status epilepticus: 13 patients (22%) had status epilepticus prior to implantation with a mean rate of 9.4 ± 17.7 events per year (range, 0–52), and after VNS Therapy, only one patient continued to experience status epilepticus (at 1 event per 4–6 months). VNS Therapy had an acceptable safety profile and no adverse events leading to VNS discontinuation were reported. Conclusions The results demonstrate that VNS Therapy is being safely and effectively applied to pediatric patients in the Russian healthcare system.

No abstract

A clinical case of a patient with pharmacoresistant epilepsy due to focal cortical dysplasia (PCD) directly adjacent to the speech zone in the left temporal region is presented. The diagnostic search and transition from MRI-negative form to structural focal epilepsy progressed for more than 6 years. It was accounted for by the fact that type IIa vs. IIb FCD is visualized much worse, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs of type IIa FCD are not so prominent, so that this type of dysplasia is often omitted. Functional research methods in epileptology, such as video-electroencephalography monitoring, brain positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, functional MRI of speech zones, allow to more accurately verify the form of epilepsy and determine a scope of surgical treatment. Surgical intervention in carefully selected patients may contribute to favorable outcome of epilepsy (Engel 1, 51-months follow-up), which will lead to improved quality of life.

Background and aims Paediatric stroke, although uncommon when compared to adult stroke, has a high mortality and morbidity rate. Between 2 and 13 children per 100,000 per year are likely to have a stroke, with 5% -10% resulting in death and more than 50% developing neurological and cognitive defects. The aim was to review the current literature and discuss risk factors, aetiology, presentation and management of paediatric stroke. Methods Literature review. Results Paediatric stroke is more common amongst boys and is classified as arterial ischaemic or haemorrhagic, depending on the underlying causes. However no type of paediatric stroke is predominant over the other. There is a broad spectrum of risk factors associated with paediatric stroke and the underlying cause often involves multiple factors such as arteriopathies, maternal infections and haematological disorders. The common risk factors of hypertension or diabetes associated with adult stroke play a very minor role in paediatric stroke development. Paediatric stroke is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed at a very late stage due to the non-specific clinical presentation which depends on factors such as age and type of stroke. The medical or surgical management of paediatric stroke depends on the type, aetiology, timing and the extent of the stroke. Conclusion Paediatric Stroke is a challenging condition in which few distinct guidelines of the most appropriate treatment exist. Further research and studies should be carried out since much of the knowledge and guidelines are currently based on adult stroke. Objective The assessment of general movements (GMs) is a widely used technique to evaluate neurological (dys)function and to predict neurodevelopmental outcome in infants. De Vries and Bos (Early Hum Dev 2008, 2010 demonstrated that abnormal GMs are often seen in early recordings in extremely low birth weight (BW) and preterm (< 32 weeks) infants. Aim of our study was to assess whether this finding could be replicated for moderate and late preterm infants (32/0-36/6 weeks' gestation). Methods We assessed GMs during the first 2 weeks (Median = 7 days; 5-8 days) of 50 moderate and late preterm infants (31 males). GM quality (global and detailed scoring) was analysed off line and related to neonatal morbidity (mainly IRDS) and other clinical factors (birth weight, need for oxygen and intensive care). Results Mean gestational age (GA) of the infants was 35 weeks' gestation (SD = 9 days); mean BW was 2207 grams (SD = 400). Abnormal GMs were observed in 23 infants: 19 poor repertoire, 2 infants cramped synchronised, and 2 chaotic. Yet another 10 infants were scored as normal but their detailed GM score revealed a reduced motor optimality. GM abnormalities were not related to perinatal factors, such as GA, birth weight or neonatal morbidity. PO-0861 THE QUALITY OF GENERAL MOVEMENTS DURING THE NEONATAL PERIOD IN MODERATE AND LATE PRETERM INFANTSConclusion Almost every second infant had abnormal GMs during the first 2 weeks of life. Whether such an early and single GM...