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Clinical placebo-controlled study of Enerlit-Clima (bioactive succinate-based food additive) a showed positive effect of the preparation on general clinical and psychoemotional manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. A trend to an increase in estradiol level in early pathological climacteric and normalization of the endometrial status were observed.

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The growth of a mammalian embryo is accompanied by complex interactions between the embryo and the mother, as well as between the embryo cells themselves. Peptide growth factors play an important role in cell division, differentiation, and morphogenesis during mammalian embryogenesis. Several families of growth factors of various origins influence preimplantation of mammalian embryos. These are insulin-like (IGF), epidermal (EGF), and platelet-derived (PDGF) growth factors, as well as transforming growth factor b (TGF-b), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and leukemia-inhibiting factor (LIF) [1]. The growth of the blastocyst, which is the final stage of preimplantation, proved to depend on EGF and LIF [2]. These two factors promote the formation of a favorable conditions for blastocyst implantation and the subsequent growth of the embryo. β -Endorphin can be assigned to the peptide growth factors that regulate embryo growth [3]. Follicular cells around the oocyte are known to secrete β -endorphin. This seems to influence oocyte maturation and ovulation [4]; the fact that the endometrium cells secrete β -endorphin [5] suggests that this substance has an effect on the interaction between the embryo and the mother. The in vitro sensitivity of growing preimplantation mouse embryos to the agonists and antagonists of opioid receptors suggests that the latter are present on the embryos and bind β -endorphin [6]. In the 1980s, the fragment 364-377 of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G (IgG) similar to the central part of the β -endorphin molecule has been identified in extracts of the human placenta [7]. In the Pushchino Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, β -endorphin-like peptides were synthesized.These are immunorphin (SLTCLVKGFY), which is the fragment 364-373 of the heavy chain of human IgG, and its fragments: pentarphin (VKGFY), the immunorphin 6-10 fragment; cyclopentarphin, cyclo(VKGFY); and cyclodipentarphin, cyclo(VKGFYVKGFY). These substances were shown to be selective antagonists of non-opioid (naloxon-insensitive) β -endorphin receptors that were detected on cells of the rat immune system and on membranes from the rat myocardium, adrenal glands, spleen, and brain [8,9]. We have showed previously that immunorphin at a concentration of 10 -7 I stimulated early growth of mouse embryos in vitro [10]. Therefore, immunorphin may be considered a β -endorphin-like nonspecific growth factor.In this study, the effects of the β -endorphin-like peptides pentarphin ( 10 -7 I), cyclopentarphin ( 10 -7 I), and cyclodipentarphin 10 -6 I) on the growth of two-, four-, and eight-cell mouse embryos were studied in vitro. In the control group, none of the above peptides were added to the growing embryos. The specificity of the peptide effect was confirmed in experiments on the effect of a "cocktail" of amino acids constituting these peptides (Val, Lys, Gly, Phe, and Tyr; 10 -7 M) on mouse embryo preimplantation. In total, 344 and 215 ...