A method for the preparation of potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate complex K2NiFe(CN)6.3H20 (KNiFC) with acceptable properties was developed. The complex was characterized by its solubility in different nitric acid media, thermal stability, IR spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Utilization of the prepared potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate as ion exchanger for the removal of cesium and cobalt from radiocontaminants on laboratory scale using fixed bed technique was studied.

Sorption of cesium from nitric acid medium by potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate, KNiFC, was investigated using the batch technique. The effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the distribution coefficient of cesium has been studied in the pH range 1-5.5. The effect of particle size, the temperature on the sorption equilibrium and rate of uptake of cesium were investigated. The temperature effect on both sorption equilibrium and rate of uptake was found to be limited. The kinetic study shows that the sorption is controlled by particle diffusion mechanism. The diffusivity of cesium ions into different particle sizes of KNiFC, the activation energy, and the entropy change of the sorption process were calculated. The effect of the presence of cobalt ions on the equilibrium and the rate of uptake of cesium is presented.

The removal of heavy metal ions (Cu CC and Pb CC ) from their aqueous solutions of cupper sulfate and lead nitrate has been investigated with a new technique using jojoba oil obtained from solvent extraction of prepressed jojoba meal. Synthetic aqueous solutions having different initial concentrations (20-80 ppm) were treated with different jojoba oil doses ranging from 2-15% by mixing for different intervals (0.5-2 h) at room temperature. The effect of these variables on the removal of heavy metal was investigated. In addition, a corresponding relation between initial concentration of heavy metal and its removal was also obtained. On the other hand, jojoba oil loaded with heavy metal was regenerated and tested to its efficiency in a second removal cycle and the results showed that jojoba oil has the ability to remove heavy metal with the same efficiency several times after its regeneration.

Now-a-days, Because of cost and time consuming in the design of plants chemical engineer used simulators to simulate design and operation of chemical equipment and plant, which spares a great deal of time and cash.Today, there are many number of the simulators are refreshed and utilized in the simulation of chemical equipment and plant such as ChemCad, ProII, UniSim……..etc. Among of these simulators, Aspen Hysys is the most utilized programming in all ventures because of aiding in two noteworthy fields (design & operation). Simulation of ammonia synthesis process is done on Aspen Hysys V8.8 with steady state mode making some assumptions and using hypothetical reactors ammonia. By fluctuating the distinctive parameters in this simulation environment, the impact of these parameters in the generation rate of the procedure are watched.

The aim of work is to design sulfonating plant on the basis of a hydrophilic sulfonate head-group and a hydrophobic alkyl benzene tail-group reaction mechanism, study of kinetics and thermodynamics followed by a steady-state simulation for the process was done by ASPEN HYSYS (V8.8) through using Peng-Robinson fluid package. Then heat integration of the process, done by using Aspen Energy Analyzer and studies of the influence parameters on the simulated process of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid. Alkyl benzene sulphonate is produced due to the sulphonation reaction of an alkylbenzene (LAB) plus a sulphonating agent in a falling film sulphonator to produce sulfonic acid (LABSA).The modeling of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid plant depends on : Air drying, Sulphur melting and proportioning, Sulphur combustion and SO3 production, Film sulfonation. Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid production rate is influenced by changing of the following factors: the sulfur molar flow rate, molar flow rate of air and pressure of dodecyl benzene, the results of optimization shows that : The optimum operating Molar flow rate of sulfur is lies in the range of [3:3.5] Kg.mol/h, The optimum operating Molar flow rate of Air is 25 Kg.mol/h, The optimum operating Molar flow rate of Dodecyl Benzene is 3.1 Kg.mol/h and The optimum operating Pressure of Dodecyl Benzene is 70 KPa. For heat integration, a proposed heat exchanger network is generated which made the process functional without external heating. Generation of the top 10 heat exchanger network (HEN) leads to: the best case scenario from the top 10 scenarios from the point of cost and also from the point of cooling and heating required was design (9). After heat integration, the total amount of cooling demand decreased from 912620.50 KJ/h to 890261.56 KJ/h and the total amount of heating demand decreased from 22358.94 KJ/h to 0KJ/h.