Nowadays due to smart environment creation there is a rapid growth in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology real time applications. The most critical resource in in WSN is battery power. One of the familiar methods which mainly concentrate in increasing the power factor in WSN is clustering. In this research work, a novel concept for clustering is introduced which is multi weight chicken swarm based genetic algorithm for energy efficient clustering (MWCSGA). It mainly consists of six sections. They are system model, chicken swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, CCSO-GA cluster head selection, multi weight clustering model, inter cluster, and intra cluster communication. In the performance evaluation the proposed model is compared with few earlier methods such as Genetic Algorithm-Based Energy-Efficient Adaptive Clustering Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks (GA-LEACH), Low energy adaptive Clustering hierarchy approach for WSN (MW-LEACH) and Chicken Swarm Optimization based Genetic Algorithm (CSOGA). During the comparison it is proved that our proposed method performed well in terms of energy efficiency, end to end delay, packet drop, packet delivery ratio and network throughput.

Summary In the present situation, there is a huge research gap and development present in the creation and utilization of smart environment due to the development of wireless sensor network (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT). The disadvantage of the earlier models and present systems is it consumes more power and there is a presence of network monitoring issues. Here, there is a need of developing a model which solves both this issues for the real time environment. So, in this paper, we developed a novel model which is a cross‐layered energy optimization‐based Medium Access Control (CEO‐MAC) protocol to overcome those issues. Our model considers the optimal design of the network and MAC layer. Its focus is on the CEO‐MAC routing model, cross‐layer MAC model, cross‐layer energy optimization model, and intercluster/intracluster MAC operational model. This model is briefly analyzed and simulated using Network Simulator 2 (NS2) software, which is the discrete event simulator that works using C++ and Tcl languages. Our protocol is simulated and compared with the present models such as TDL, CMISO, and PCL‐IDA protocols.

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SummaryEnergy‐efficient Zigbee‐based wireless sensor network (WSN) occupies a major role in emergency‐based applications. The foremost drawback of such applications is maintaining the battery power because frequent changing is not possible in those conditions. In the earlier days, several researches created new model MAC protocols in terms of increase the lifetime of the WSN. But still, there is a research gap particularly in emergency applications. In order to improve the lifetime of such applications, we introduced a novel hybrid MAC protocol, namely, special purpose energy‐efficient contention‐based hybrid MAC (SPEECH‐MAC) protocol. This protocol includes dual hop concept considerably to save the energy. Both the single hop network and the dual hop networks are developed, and the results are analyzed. Prioritization mechanism for SPEECH‐MAC protocol is introduced to analyze the emergency conditions in detail. In summary, according to the simulation, the calculated parameters are total residual energy, end‐to‐end delay, packet drop, packet delivery ratio, and network throughput.

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