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Background and Aims: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered one of the most common indexes for examining the health. The purpose of this study was the design and validation of the equations for the accuracy of BMI. Methods: In the current 419 athletic and non-athletic subjects participated in this study. Anthropometrical measurement was performed using International Standard for Anthropometry and Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol, and mesomorphic and endomorphic calculated based on the Heath-Carter methods. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between BMI and body fat percent, mesomorphic and endomorphic values. Multiple regressions were used to predict BMI. Results: There is a high correlation between BMI with mesomorphic and endomorphic values (P<0.01), but the correlation of BMI with mesomorphic in athletic men was higher than endomorphic (0.77 vs. 0.63). Multiple regression produces some equations for predicting mesomorphic and endomorphic, and bland Altman believes that all equations predict fatness. Conclusion: According to the results, the Equations proposed in this study could appropriately turn BMI to predict body composition so that this equation could determine higher BMI because of the higher muscular mass.

Background: Regular exercise can alleviate oxidative stress. There are no studies examining changes in this variable as a result of an intense acute taekwondo (TKD) exercise. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of one bout of intense TKD exercise on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in adolescent female taekwondokas. Methods: Ten adolescent female taekwondokas (age: 13.71 ± 2.05 years; body mass index: 19.75 ± 2.83 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in the present study. They performed one bout of intense TKD protocol. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after exercise. Then, SOD, GPx, CAT, TAC, and MDA were measured using the spectrophotometric method. Plasma volume was corrected using the Dill and Costill equation. Data were analyzed using a paired-sample t test. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The results revealed that CAT activity (P = 0.043) and serum TAC level (P = 0.039) significantly increased after TKD exercise. However, no significant change was found in SOD (P = 0.414), GPx activity (P = 0.196), and MDA levels (P = 0.377) immediately after exercise. Conclusions: Collectively, lipid peroxidation did not occur after one bout of intense TKD exercise in adolescent girls, which may be due to increased TAC levels and the activity of the CAT enzyme.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear is a common injury among wrestlers. One of its treatments is reconstructive surgery with Hamstring Tendon (HST) autograft. This research aimed to examine the effect of neoprene knee brace on the knee kinetics variables of elite wrestlers after ligament reconstructive surgery with hamstring autograft. Methods: The present research method is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and a control group. A total of 10 elite wrestlers with average (SD) age of 26.1(2.37) years, average (SD) weight of 78.25(11.32) kg and average (SD) height of 174(3.6) cm all of whom underwent ACL reconstructive surgery with hamstring autograft 6 to 18 months prior to the present research were selected through convenience sampling method. In this research, the selected kinetic variables (ratio of the knee flexor muscles torque to the knee extensor muscles, the average peak torque, maximum power and total work of knee extensor and flexor muscles) were measured by isokinetic dynamometer Gymnex model ISO-1 at 120 degrees per second in two modes of with and without neoprene knee brace with open patella and two adjustable straps. To examine the research hypotheses, the statistical dependent t test at the significant level of 0.05 was used. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS 16. Results: The findings of statistical tests demonstrated that using neoprene knee brace results in significant changes in the average peak torque, maximum power and total work of the knee flexor muscles and also the ratio of the knee flexor muscles torque to the extensor muscles (P<0.05). Nevertheless using neoprene knee brace did not create significant changes in the kinetic variables of knee extensor muscles (P≥0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results, using neoprene knee brace could improve kinetic variables, especially knee flexor muscles in elite wrestlers after ligament reconstructive surgery. Therefore, these wrestlers after ACL reconstructive surgery through HST method and performing rehabilitation program can benefit from neoprene knee brace for improving kinetic variables of knee flexor muscles and reducing the likelihood of ligament re-injury during athletic activities.