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The subjects of the study were 32 extracted teeth, with dentine occlusal or proximal carious lesions similar in size (D3), excavated down to the healthy or affected dentine, controlled with two methods-visual and tactile (by Bjørndal) and fluorescent. Pictures were taken from the tooth samples and the resulting images were subject to a software color analysis with the use of the Hue, Saturation and Brightness color system. Results: Visual and tactile controlled mechanical excavation down to the healthy dentine results in the dentine at the bottom of the excavation having the same characteristics as the healthy dentine, which indicates that the method is sufficiently objective but there is a risk of over-excavation. After applying the fluorescently controlled method and the fluorescence disappears after the excavation, the dentine at the bottom of the excavation has a much darker coloration than the healthy dentine. Conclusion: The fluorescent method of control gives us the opportunity to leave non-infected, demineralized dentine at the bottom of the cavity and should be the preferred method in the light of minimally invasive treatment of dentinal caries.

During puberty there are increased levels of sex hormones, which can affect the oral environment. At this period, there is a peak prevalence of periodontal pathology believed to be related to alteration in the subgingival microflora. This study investigated the interaction between sex hormones isolated in the saliva, and the subgingival microflora in children undergoing puberty. The study included 60 children aged 10-14 years who were monitored: 30 without gingivitis (up to 25% Papillary Bleeding Index-PBI) and good oral hygiene, and 30 children with plaqueinduced gingivitis (over 50% PBI). All patients were registered with a periodontal status using a medical card developed for this purpose. For the study of sex hormones (oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone), samples of unstimulated saliva were taken under fasting condition in the morning and were tested by using labelled immunological analysis and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry [LC-MS (MS(QQQ)]. Gingival sulcus from six teeth was taken with paper pins to test nine control strains (pooled sample) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that, when comparing children with gingivitis with healthy children, only the oestradiol hormone had elevated values. In the children with gingivitis, the composition of the subgingival microflora was much more varied and complex, with a tendency to increase the species diversity of microorganisms from the red complex. The oestradiol levels in saliva correlated with the total number of subgingival microorganisms, as well as with some species of microorganisms, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Peptostreptococcus micros, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia.

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