Objective: to evaluate marital functionality during female climacteric. Material and methods: descriptive observational study of crosssection in a not randomized sample in which it was studied 100 women aged 45 to 60 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was applied an interview with prior consent that included: 1) sociodemographic background of the woman and her partner, 2) stage of the climacteric and its features and 3) scale of evaluation of marital functionality. Data were analyzed through frequency measures and risk analysis to measure the association. Results: average age of 51 years, with a low education level. Occupation: housewife and maid. 85% were married and they belonged to a family, the family income was low. 63% of them were in the postmenopausal stage. Marital dysfunction arose more frequently in the stage of post menopause (75%). It was found that climacteric was as a risk factor for marital dysfunction (or=2.6, with ic 1-6, p=0.02). Marital functions with greater impact were communication and affection with an or of 48.1 and 41, respectively. Economic income influenced in marital dysfunction (or MH =5 with ic 1.6-21, p=0.003); the rest of the sociodemographic variables was not significant. The association with hot flashes (or=2.3, with ic 1-5, p=0.04). Conclusions: post menopause stages in a risk factor for marital dysfunction. Inadequate communication and lack of affections were the functions which more strongly associated with marital dysfunction. El climaterio como factor de riesgo en casos de disfunción conyugalClimacteric as a Risk Factor in Cases of Marital Dysfunction O climatério como fator de risco em casos de disfunção conjugal
Objetivo: evaluar la funcionalidad conyugal en la etapa del climaterio femenino. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal en una muestra no probabilística en la cual se estudiaron 100 mujeres de 45 a 60 años que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se realizó una entrevista previo consentimiento informado que incluyó: 1) aspectos sociodemográficos de la mujer y su pareja, 2) etapa del climaterio y sus características y 3) escala de evaluación de funcionalidad conyugal. Los datos se analizaron a través de medidas de frecuencia y análisis de riesgo para medir asociación. Resultados: promedio de edad de las mujeres 51 años, con un nivel escolar bajo. Ocupación: ama de casa y empleada; 85% era casado y pertenecía a una familia nuclear, el ingreso económico familiar fue bajo; 63% de las mujeres se encontraba en la posmenopausia. La disfuncionalidad conyugal se presentó con mayor frecuencia en la etapa de la posmenopausia (75%). Se identificó al climaterio como un factor de riesgo para la disfuncionalidad conyugal (rm=2.6, con ic 1-6, p=0.02). Las funciones conyugales con mayor afectación fueron la comunicación y el afecto con un rm de 48.1 y 41, respectivamente. El ingreso económico influyó en la disfunción conyugal (rmMH=5 con ic 1.6-21, p=0.003); el resto de las variables sociodemográficas no fue significativo. Asociación con los bochornos (rm=2.3, con ic 1-5, p=0.04). Conclusiones: la posmenopausia es un factor de riesgo para la disfunción conyugal. La inadecuada comunicación y la falta de afecto fueron las funciones que con mayor fuerza se asociaron a la disfunción conyugal.
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