The purpose of this study is to analyze the readiness to use innovative technologies for plant protection. The authors are interested in the readiness of specialists in the agricultural sector, scientists, agricoltors to introduce innovative technologies. The authors are conducting this research as part of the project "Social Research of Science and Technology". The authors review the existing plant protection methods and analyze their effectiveness. The authors reflected the agrotechnical method, the biological method, the chemical method, the physical and mechanical method, the integrative method and the innovative method of plant protection. Agricultural technologies are one of the most interesting sectors for investment. Innovations in science and technology, the availability of modern technologies and equipment make it possible to make agricultural production a high-tech business. In conclusion the authors note that for the full implementation and achievement of effective indicators it is necessary to do a lot of legal, economic, technological and organizational work.

The authors present the main stages and results of the project “Plant wealth of Russia: from region to region”. Project goal is the development of environmental competence and the overall environmental culture of students of educational organizations. The project is focused on the study of the practical application, conservation and protection of plants in the regions of Russia. The project consists of three stages: the project at the local level called “Plant resources of the region’s ecosystem as the main source of healthy nutrition”; regional forum called “Life in the Ecostyle” and all-Russian festival “Plant “ornament” of Russia”. At the end of the festival, a model of the Plant “ornament” of Russia was presented depicting the diversity of plant resources of the participating regions of the festival. Each stage of the project is designed to expand the target audience. In the future, authors plan to implement the project in the format of all-Russian festivals in different regions.

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Рассматриваются традиции построения методологической базы науки, предложенные П. Фейерабендом: историческая и рациональная. В основе исторической традиции лежит определение науки как живой деятельности, в основе рациональнойопределение науки как корпуса знаний. Проблема следования определенной традиции в выборе метода для построения научных теорий является актуальной для современной философии науки. Автор демонстрирует основные характеристики и различия конкурирующих традиций, которые наблюдаются и в современных нравственноэтических исследованиях техносферы.

The article reveals the concept of “civilized skepticism” proposed by M. Ramirez-i-Olle as a solution to the problem of the relationship between skepticism and trust in the production of scientific knowledge. The basis of the work is the study of skepticism as a practice in the process of interaction between members of the scientific community, carried out by M. Ramirez-i-Olle from 2016 to 2019. Skepticism as a practice of interaction between scien­tists needed to be rehabilitated because it has been suggested that skepticism does not foster trusting relationships. “Civil skepticism” was proposed as a rehabilitation of skepticism in scientific practice, and primarily in the social study of technology. Using the example of three years of empirical work by dendroclimatologists, M. Ramirez-i-Olle demonstrates the stages in which skepticism was practiced: laboratory work, seminar, conference, and publication. The paper deduces characteristics corresponding to these stages, which are also characteristics of “civil skepticism”: temporality, materiality, discursiveness and performa­tivity. The practice of “civil skepticism” not only fosters trusting relationships between members of the scientific community in the process of knowledge production, but also ex­pands the so-called “core group” of scientists involved in the work. Despite the fact that we can make a number of comments related to the use of the term “skepticism” and the inter­pretation of some concepts, the study of M. Ramirez-i-Olle is relevant and important for the development of SSK and STS, as it puts a “point” in the issue of the opposition of skepti­cism and trust in the process of scientific knowledge production. In addition, M. Ramirez-i-Olle touches on problems of the sociology of scientific knowledge that need to be addressed, such as the concept of “sociological skepticism”, studies of agnotology and the sociology of ignorance in the STS, and their relevance in the era of “post-truth”.