No abstract

SOCIOLOGY OF ISLAM 83 В статье впервые в отечественной историографии рассматривается зависимость культуры питания различных мусульманских общин от канонических исламских предписаний и проводится их сравнительный анализ на основе оригинальных источников, часть которых (относящаяся к татарам) впервые вводится в научный оборот. Авторы при реализации научного проекта одними из первых обращаются к детализации многообразных аспектов культуры питания, исследуя их детерминированность религиозными факторами.

The article views the religious aspects of food etiquette of Kazan Tatars based on the polling results, statistical data, and literature sources. The topicality of the issue is due to its poor coverage; it is actualised by the religious renaissance of the Tatars in the post-Soviet period, the dramatically increased interest in the genealogical roots of their ethnic culture, factors of its development and structure of self-identification. The authors compare the bases of nutritional behaviour of the Tatars with the recommendations stipulated by the Islamic sources, and disclose the degree of their compliance with the canons. The research revealed both the competencies (knowledge of the Islamic etiquette rules) and the level of their actual occurrence. For comparison, the similar results were taken, obtained during the research of a Tajik community in Kazan-a group with stronger expressed religious characteristics, compared to the Tatars. The research revealed the variety of the canonic Islamic food culture by the example of two Muslim models (Tatar and Tajik), both in terms of individual nutrition components (main foods, national cuisine, ways of cooking, etc.), and in terms of food culture in general, including etiquette.

The purpose of this article is the comparative analysis of models of consumer practices of Tatars and Russians of the multiethnic region (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) in the situation of globalization of consumer culture. The problem of modeling consumer practices of ethnic groups considered in the concept of economic anthropology (ethnology). It is concluded that a combination of two opposing processes within consumer practices of ethnic groups in the context of globalization: the erosion of ethno-cultural space and the revival of ethnic and cultural traditions. Value profiles of consumers working age of two ethnic groups of Tatarstan-Tatars and Russians, using the technique of LOV (List of Values), are constructed. Also value profiles further investigated by gender. Constructed value profiles of Tatars and Russians is one of the elements of the model of consumer practices of these ethnic groups. Consumer practices are constantly under the influence of external and internal factors, and their systematic study is the task of further work. Regular monitoring of the dynamics of the consumer practices of ethnic groups allows to monitor the socio-cultural and socioeconomic processes in the interests of both the market subjects as well as various social groups.

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