Hydrogels are considered one of the most important polymers, with very low economic costs for treating dyes from an aqueous solution. In this study, sodium alginate (SA), a kind of polysaccharide, and acrylic acid is an organic compound, N-Methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a cross-linked agent, were used to prepare the hydrogel by free radical method. Studies have shown that sodium lignite-based nano-hydrogel is environmentally friendly, more cost-effective and highly efficient in remove dye in aqueous solution. The hydrogel adsorption characteristic was analyzed via scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data appear that the surface contains many pores and has a sponge-like structure. also the results showed that the hydrogel is the XRD of (SA-g-PAAc) a wide band at 2θ = 20.52 digree within the calculated d = 4.21A°. Study isotherm adsorption the highest (R²=0.9903) related to the isotherm Freundlich and Kinetic model the adsorption process of Rose Bengal dye on the SA-g-PAAc hydrogel follows a second model.

In this study, hydrogel Nano-composite was prepared by free radical polymerization in the presence of sodium alginate (SA) and TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPS) as a surface catalyst. Potassium per sulfate (KPS) was used as a reaction initiator. Crosslinking agent methylene bis-acrylamide, the structure and morphology its hydrogel Nano-composites were studied using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Several factors that affected the adsorption process were studied, including effect of pH, effect of salt concentration and temperature. Also studied was the swelling behavior in two acidic mediums (pH=7, pH=1.2), the best surface swelling medium was at (pH=7). The adsorption isotherms were studied, and the result obeyed as favorable by Fruendlich isotherm depended on the value of (R2= 0.9404).

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Sulfadiazine (SZ), a small molecule sulfonamide that also named a 2-sulfanilamido-pyrimidine. SZ is an artificial bacteriostatic antibiotic through a widespread spectrum counter to numerous gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Sulfonamide antibiotics frequently identified in the earthly and water environment, but little acknowledgment about abiotic deprivation of these antibiotics. The SZ adsorption from aqueous solution studied in the present experiment utilizing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) grafted acrylamide (AM) hydrogel as an adsorbent. Effect of time-related to equilibrium, salts, temperature, and pH value was accomplished using kinetics and thermodynamic studies. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis accomplished for CMC-g-AM hydrogel before and after SZ adsorption. The study showed higher adsorption of the SZ on these hydrogels, and the degrees of SZ adsorption on the hydrogels decreased with increasing temperature (exothermic process). Adsorbed quantity of SZ on the surface was declined as the pH augmented. KCl’s influence on adsorption is more than that of NaCl, and the CaCO3 is more than of KCl. Spontaneous and feasible adsorption takes place, and adsorption of SZ on hydrogel fits well with the Freundlich model.