ABSTRAKKajian ini dijalankan ke atas sekelompok pelajar yang mengikuti kursus kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab, iaitu BA (LQS 0415) yang ditawarkan oleh CELPAD (Centre for Languages & Pre-University Academic Development), International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, kepada pelajar yang membuat pengkhususan dalam Pengajian Islam dan Bahasa Arab (IRKHS). Kursus tersebut dilaksanakan bagi membantu meningkatkan prestasi akademik golongan pelajar melalui penguasaan kemahiran untuk bertutur bahasa Arab. Akan tetapi, didapati bahawa sejumlah 70% pelajar tidak mampu mengikuti perbincangan dalam kelas dengan efektif disebabkan penguasaan Bahasa Arab mereka yang lemah. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti masalah yang dihadapi pelajar ketika bertutur bahasa Arab dengan meneliti secara langsung akan kesukaran-kesukaran yang pelajar hadapi ketika mereka melaksanakan tugasan yang melibatkan aktiviti pertuturan. Metode kajian yang digunakan ialah pemerhatian dan temu bual. Tiga tugasan berbahasa Arab bersifat tunggal dan berbilang telah ditugaskan kepada pelajar yang merangkumi: 1) melakonkan situasi, 2) penceritaan semula dan (3) perkongsian pengalaman. Ketiga-tiga tugasan berbahasa Arab tersebut mempunyai tahap kesukaran yang berbeza sama ada ia disokong oleh konteks atau tidak. Di samping itu, para responden diberikan tempoh persediaan sebelum tugasan mereka dibentangkan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa kesukaran dalam berbahasa Arab telah membantutkan keupayaan pelajar dalam aktiviti yang memerlukan kemahiran bertutur. Pelajar berdepan dengan lebih banyak masalah ketika melaksanakan tugasan secara individu kerana mereka perlu melaksanakannya dengan sendiri. Selain itu, kekurangan kosa kata semasa bertutur juga mengganggu kelancaran pelajar ketika sesi penyampaian. Setelah mengenal pasti permasalahan pelajar dalam pertuturan, guru digalakkan memfokuskan aktiviti pembelajaran kepada pengukuhan kosa kata serta memperbanyakkan aktiviti berkumpulan dengan menekankan aspek berkomunikasi dalam Bahasa Arab semasa tugasantugasan tersebut dilaksanakan. Pelajar didapati dapat mengatasi masalah yang mereka hadapi dengan bantuan rakan sekumpulan. Selain itu, aktiviti berkumpulan juga mampu mencetuskan suasana kebahasaan yang dapat merangsang penggunaan bahasa yang dipelajari.

Online learning applications are an important medium in Arabic language education to replace face-to-face teaching and learning nowadays. Therefore, this study aims to identify the applications of students' interests in online learning and the factors that influence students' motivation in online learning for Arabic Language courses. This study used a quantitative study design using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. This questionnaire used the Likert Scale 5 measurement of Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Not Sure, Agree and Strongly Agree to identify the applications that students are interested in online learning and the factors that influence their motivation in online learning for Arabic language courses. The sample involved in the study was a total of 216 students who took Arabic language courses at Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis. This study suggested that lecturers should use Google Meet, U-Future, WhatsApp, Telegram and Google Classroom applications in teaching Arabic. Meanwhile, the main factors that influenced the student’ motivation in online learning for Arabic language courses are the frequent use of online materials provided as well as the recorded lecture videos. Keywords: factors; students' motivation; online learning; Arabic language courses

The issue of mastery of Arabic grammar has long been discussed by researchers as well as academicians. Until now, the problem of students' Arabic grammar mastery in Malaysia has been a grievance of teachers in schools and lecturers in Institutions of Higher Learning. There are two divisions of grammatical aspects that are difficult for students which have been identified, firstly the use of al-kalimat (words) and secondly, the use of at-tarakib (sentence construction). Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the problem of Arabic grammar mastery of students in Malaysia as well as how the role of Monitor Model Theory acts as a solution to address the problem of Arabic grammar mastery based on secondary sources. It also discusses the history of the development of Arabic language, the syllabus of the Arabic language curriculum in religious secondary schools as well as the learning of Arabic grammar in the Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah Syllabus and the Kemahiran Bersepadu Dini Syllabus. This paper will contribute to the knowledge of more effective teaching methods or approaches which in turn have an impact on pedagogy in the teaching of Arabic grammar to improve the students' understanding and reduce their errors in learning Arabic grammar.

Temperament research in more complex aspects such as cognition, interaction with the context of the environment as well as changes and continuity over time across geographical and cultural boundaries has been explored. Temperament traditionally associated with biological factors inherited and plays an important role in children life. Temperament influences each response, especially during early childhood development and affects behavior, social relationships, personality, physical health, language ability and academic success. This article aims to offer early exposure on temperament and implications to the practice of preschool teachers. Discussions with behavioral responses diversity of children were initiated and followed up with definition on temperament from some researchers. Classification in temperament by the researchers was also discussed by focusing on three types of temperament namely extraversion/surgency, negative affective and effortful control. Temperamental assessment methods are also discussed. The discussion ended with the implications of the practice of preschool teachers. Knowledge and understanding of child's temperament help teachers to plan, offer and carry out more effective and meaningful teaching and learning activities for every child.

Al-takhalli and at-tahalli are among the most important practices in Sufism to develop Muslim spiritual and attitude. Al-takhalli means to fight or remove from the character and spiritual the abominable things, while al-tahalli means to adorn the Muslim character and spiritual with good things. Studies show that al-takhalli and at-tahalli practices can form a good religious personality and avoid immoral behavior, while weakness is seen as one of the causes of various social problems among Muslim. In universities, statistics of social problems show that a few of Muslim students involved in the problems and have low levels of religious personality. Thus, the main objective of this study is to examine the level of al-takhalli and and at-tahalli practices among university students. A survey was conducted at Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis Branch. A total of 112 students were selected at simple random as respondents. Data were collected through survey techniques using 6 likert scale instruments that had gone through validity and reliability procedures. Descriptive analysis using SPSS 26.0 software was conducted to see the mean and percentage of findings. Overall, the findings of the study indicate that university students perform the at-takhalli and at-tahalli practices in their lives. However, the findings show that the practice of al-tahalli (mean=4.78) is given less attention than the practice of at-takhalli (mean=5.16). It needs to be improved in order to ensure the Muslim not only abandons munkar or bad things but continues to do good deeds and in turn can produce excellent ummah.