Central venous line (CVL) is a necessary device used frequently in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for critically ill neonates who need continuous monitoring and resuscitation treatment. Significant evidence has accumulated indicating that CVL nursing care bundle is considered as an essential component of CVL infection prevention practice to combat the incidence of CVL infection. Aim: This study aimed to examine the effect of applying nursing care bundle on controlling central venous line infection in neonatal intensive care units. Subject and method: A quasi-experimental design was used. The study was conducted at NICU at Kafr El Sheikh General Hospital. The study included a convenience sample of all available bedside/ working nurses (n= 30), 79 preterm infant (recruited for 3 months' period). Tools: Three tools were used to collect data. Tool 1: An interview questionnaire for nurse's knowledge. Tool 2: Observational checklist used to assess nurses' performance regarding CVL care bundle. Tool 3: Laboratory investigations tool for preterm infants. Results: More than half of studied nurses (56.7%) didn't receive any training program about CVL care bundle for controlling CVL infection in NICU and the majority of the studied nurses had insufficient knowledge, as well as the majority of the studied nurses, had an unsatisfactory practice regarding CVL care bundle preprogram. The sufficient knowledge level and satisfactory practices had improved immediately post and 3 months post program implementation. About half (51,9%) had negative CRP post-program implementation, while (54,4%) of neonates had negative blood culture post-program. Conclusion:The program had a positive effect on the NICU nurses' knowledge & practices immediately post& post 3 months of the program implementation. Recommendation: Including CVL nursing care bundle practices into nurses' routine care and developing regular and continuous educational programs for the nurses in NICU according to their needs aiming to upgrading their knowledge and improving their practice for critically ill neonates.

Treating pain during vaccination should be a part of pediatric primary health care around the world, as untreated pain in children has short and long-term consequences. Few studies of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods of pain relief during immunization have been conducted in low-and-middle-income countries. Finding a cheap and effective pain intervention would improve primary health care. The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral sucrose as a method of pain management during immunization among infants through six months of age. A randomized controlled experimental design was used. The study sample included 80 infants distributed into sucrose and control groups. Data were collected in an Egyptian primary health center. Outcome measures, including pain, as measured by the FLACC pain scale, crying time, and heart rate, were measured at three time points (before, during, and after injection). There were statistically significant differences during and after immunization (p<.001) reflecting lower: scores of pain, crying duration, and rising in heart rate for the sucrose group compared to the control group. The study supports the effectiveness of oral sucrose in managing infants' immunization pain and recommends for providing clinical setting with safe resources and education for proper administration of oral sucrose in pain management.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a significant reason of distress and dissatisfaction among patients getting cancer treatment. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of ginger tea on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in women with cancer. Study Design: A quasi-experimental research design. Sampling: A purposive sample of 100 women with gynecological and breast cancer. Setting: This study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of oncology and nuclear medicine department affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital. Tools: Three tools were used for the data collection of this study I. A Patient interview questionnaire included patients' demographic and clinical data, II. Simplified form of Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching assessment scale. III. Patients ‗satisfaction questionnaire Results:The mean age of all patients was 5.84+36.79 years, 17 (34%) of the patients in the control group had secondary educational level, while 19 (38%) in experimental group were university graduates. 35 (70%) and 36 (72%) of patients in the control group and experimental group were married. (54%, 60%) of patients in the control group and experimental group were employed. Regarding total vomiting and nausea experience score, there was no significant difference between both groups before research intervention and during the first 6, 12 & 24 hours after chemotherapy. However, there was a statistically significant association in intervention (ginger tea group) and control group on the second day, third day and fourth day post chemotherapy (p = <0.001). Conclusions and recommendations: The current study showed that ginger tea can be administered to patients with gynecologic and breast cancer as a safe herbal medicine for effective prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Prospective studies and longer periods of follow up are also helpful to assess the efficacy of ginger supplementation on the prevalence of CINV symptoms in patients receiving multiple cycles of chemotherapy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between primipara coping pattern and their knowledge during the two and four weeks postnatal. Methods: Study design: The descriptive study design was utilized in this study. Study setting: The study was conducted in Kafer-Elsheekh General Hospital at postnatal unit and at home during the period from January 2015 to June 2015. Subjects of the study: A convenient sampling of 120 primipara mothers. Tool:Two tools were used for data collection : A structured interview questionnaire to assess general characteristics of women, questions to assess the primipara knowledge about the postpartum,and coping scale to assess positive and negative coping at the two and four weeks postpartum. Results: The present study findings revealed that there was a significant difference between total scores of knowledge &positive and negative coping at two weeks also there was a statistical significantly difference of knowledge and negative coping at four weeks postpartum. The total mean of positive coping during postpartum at fourth week is significantly higher than at the second week. There was a significant difference between mean scores of negative coping among different ages at two weeks also, there was highly statistically significant difference between mean score of negative coping by increasing the level of education and job in two weeks and four weeks. Conclusion: Overall the results of the present study highlighted that there was increasing of positive coping by good knowledge at two week but there was no change at fourth week. Recommendation: Activating programs for information, health education and communication to enhance women positive coping and raise knowledge of health provider and society about postpartum stressor and how to cope with it positively.