With two studies, we tested whether dispositional victim sensitivity involves one of two kinds of biased processing style: either a processing style in which unjust-but not just-information is processed more readily and accurately than neutral information or a processing style in which unjust and just information is processed preferentially over neutral information. In Study 1, victim sensitivity increased the speed with which participants resolved ambiguous sentence fragments in cases in which the resolution yielded an unjust connotation, as well as in cases in which the resolution yielded a just connotation, but not when the resolution was neutral with respect to justice. In Study 2, persons high in victim sensitivity displayed enhanced memory performance for both unjust and just information relative to neutral information over a 1-week retention interval. The results are consistent with the assumption that victim sensitivity is characterized by the activation potential and elaboration of both injustice and justice concepts. Our findings are important for the understanding of how the fear of being exploited among victim-sensitive persons shapes antisocial behaviour.

Dining out is most often associated with pleasure and gratification, principally since it presents opportunities for sociability. However, access to dining out experiences is influenced by multiple factors, including age. Little is known about the dining out habits of older people. In particular, the food practices of those living alone in the community is under-researched compared to those in hospital or residential care. This study explores the perceptions and preferences of ten older people towards domestic and communal meals in South East Scotland. Qualitative data were generated from 5-day food diaries and in-depth interviews with individuals who lived alone and attended a community-based senior citizen's lunch club. Data were coded and thematically analysed using a symbolic interactionist perspective. A number of key themes were identified, including the meaning of mealtimes. It was found that most participants ate the majority of their meals at home alone. Despite this, dining alone was not necessarily experienced as 'lonely'. Participants reported that dining out at the lunch club was a pleasurable experience given the social interaction and the separation of consumption from food work. Moreover, due to restricted mobility and limited access to transport, the lunch club was viewed by participants as one of the few places that they could go to dine out.

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<p>During <i>incremental launching </i>(a known manufacturing method in bridge construction) of steel and composite bridges, biaxial stresses occur in webs and bottom plates of box girders, which mostly dominates their design. An eccentric loading from the launching bearings into the webs is practically unavoidable due to mounting tolerances, variations in plate thicknesses and tolerance requirements of the lateral restraint. The buckling verification of longitudinally stiffened plates under biaxial compression is defined in EN 1993-1-5:2019section 10 [1] through the <i>reduced stress method</i>. While the geometric and structural imperfections are considered using the coefficient α or an equivalent geometric imperfection (term from Eurocode, including geometric and structural imperfections) according to Annex C of this code, the influence of eccentricity has not been considered by this code. In order to investigate the impact of the load eccentricity on the buckling behaviour of longitudinally stiffened plates, large-scale buckling tests were carried out under biaxial compression at the Technical University of Munich. Based on the test results, a numerical model was validated and an extensive parametric study was carried out. It was observed that the direction of the equivalent geometric imperfection of the longitudinally stiffened plates is significant for the load capacity of the plates. With a centric load application, the minimum load capacity is always found when the equivalent geometric imperfection is located on the opposite side of the stiffeners. In the case of eccentric loading, the load capacity is further influenced by the combination of the directions from the eccentric load application and the equivalent geometric imperfection. As a result, an eccentric loading leads to an increased buckling resistance compared to a centric loading when the equivalent geometric imperfection is on the same side of eccentric loading.</p>

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