This research aims to describe the phonological variation in Serawai language that used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese.This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The method that used in this research is method that proposed by Sudaryanto. The data are collected by using observational method, the technique applied in collecting data are interview, recording and taking field notes. In analyzing data, the researcher used a distributional method. The presenting the result is by using formal (signs and symbols) and informal method (descriptive of ordinary word). The result of this research is the phonological variation in Serawai language that used by Minangkabaunese and Serawainese consist of 8 differential. They are 4 vocoid variations and 4 contoid variations. The vocoid variations are [ə

<p>This article is aimed at describing numeral classifier used in the cookbooks. The data were collected through the observation, which is observation of the cookbooks. Through the observation, the data related to numeral classifier are tapped. Besides, noting technique is also used. The analysis of data is done by using “<em>intralingual</em> <em>identity method”</em>. Furthermore, “<em>referential identity method” </em>is also used. The study is done by looking at the reference of numeral classifier.  Based on the data analysis, there are three types of numeral classifier used in the cookbooks, namely numeral classifier for individual objects, collective numeral classifier, and numeral classifier for size. Of the three numeral classifiers, numeral classifier for size (mensural classifier) is widely used. This is caused by the fact that in cooking, size is very important in order the food taste delicious. Numeral classifier for size can be divided into three types, namely, numeral classifier for weight measure, numeral classifier for length size or footage, and numeral classifier for volume size. The most widely used is numeral classifier for volume size, namely eleven forms. However, in terms of occurrence, numeral classifier for weight size is dominantly used.</p>

This research is a cross-sectional sample survey with a qualitative approach of Malay Jambi’s phonology in Sarolangun Regency. The data was collected in the field using observation and interview methods. It has a form of notes, interview transcriptions, and audio and video recordings. The data was analyzed using a phonetic articulator matching method with a diving-key-factors technique as a basis. The results are presented based on the phonetic symbols of the IPA Chart (revised 2005). As found in the research, Malay Jambi of Sarolangun has six vowels and twenty consonants, one of which does not occur in native Malay Jambi words. Beyond the phonological system description, this paper discusses various features found in Sarolangun like nasalization and laxing of vowels, consonant and syllable deletion, or glide insertion.

Minangkabau language is one of the regional languages ​​in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the sounds, phonemes and their distributions in Minangkabau language of Sikucur isolect. The observation and interview methods were used to obtain data. During the interview, the results of the interview were recorded and phonetic transcription was made based on IPA chart. Furthermore, the method used to analyze the data was a phonetic articulator matching method. The data that had been collected was classified according to sound pairs that were phonetically similar. The results showed that there were 30 phonemes found. There were five vowels: /i/, /e/. /a/, /u/, and /o/. Each vowel had an allophone, namely [i~ɪ], [e~ɛ], [a~ʌ], [u~ʊ], dan [o~ɔ]. There were seven diphthongs: /aw/, /ay/, /uy/, /ua/ with allophones [ua~ue], /ia/ with allophones [ia~ie], /oy/, and /ea/. Finally, there were eighteen consonants: /p/, /b/, /m/, /t/, /d/, /n/, /l/, /ʀ/, /s/, /c/, /j/ , /ɲ/, /k/, /g/, /ŋ/, /h/, /w/, and /y/. The sound [ʔ] was the realization of /k/ when it was at the end of the closing syllable. Furthermore, [ʀ] and [r] were free variations and did not differentiate in meaning.

The Malay language is spoken in a relatively wide area in Indonesia. One of the areas is the Merangin Regency, Jambi province. Prior studies indicate that the Malay language in Merangin has not yet received much attention, especially one that examines its relationship with the parent language. This study aims to explicate the Proto Malayic vowel phoneme reflexes in the Malay language spoken in the regency. Data for this field research is obtained from participants, in 4 observation points, who have responded to a list of structured questions and from the speakers whose conversing is recorded. The comparative method is used to analyze the data and the top-down approach is employed to see the reflexes. This study found that the Proto-Malayic vowel phoneme reflexes in the Observation Point 1 has more variations than those in other points. The variations which are determined by the environment or places in which the vowel phoneme exists generally occur in the ultimate syllable. The variations are very likely caused by the influence of other languages, including the languages of the immigrants living in the observed area.