Polycystic ovary syndrome is a very common endocrine disorder prevalent in premenopausal women. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome present with abnormal menstruation, ovulation disorders, and hyperandrogenemia. They are often accompanied by insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and other cardiovascular abnormalities. Also, they have comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes type 2, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which all influence the treatment plan. Metformin has been defined as a treatment option in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the clinical responses to metformin are limited. Thus, the need for novel treatments with a broad range of coverage for the complications is warranted. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, incretin analogs are novel drugs approved for treating type-2 diabetes. Because of their recorded benefit with weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and cardiovascular benefits in recent studies, they may help polycystic ovary syndrome women address the polycystic ovary syndrome-related risk of metabolic, reproductive, and psychological consequences. Limited literature is available on the safety and efficacy of these novel antidiabetic drugs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Thus, this review is investigating the role and effectiveness of novel antidiabetic medication as an early therapeutic option in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Hyperuricemia remains the most prevalent cause of gout. Gout patients present with joint inflammation and uric acid crystals deposition manifesting as tophi. The association of gout with increased risk of insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic disorders, increased cardiometabolic risk, and kidney disease is well established. These factors influence the treatment plan, and current treatment options have limited cardiovascular risk reduction. So the need for novel treatments with a broad range of coverage for the complications is warranted. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are novel drugs approved for treating type-2 diabetes. They prevent glucose reabsorption and lower serum uric acid levels. Recently few studies have studied their association with reducing the risk of gout. They may help address the gout related complications through their recorded benefit with weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and cardiovascular benefits in recent studies. SGLT2-Is may be useful to reduce the risk of gout in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Limited literature is available on the safety and efficacy of these novel antidiabetic drugs in patients with gout. This review is aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the role and effectiveness of novel antidiabetic medication as an early therapeutic option in gout patients.

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Introduction:The aim of the present study was to assess the pattern of lifestyle and knowledge about diabetes mellitus among type 2 diabetic patients at two tertiary level hospitals in Mymensingh Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted from July 2015 to December 2015 among 300 patients attending at Medicine outpatient department of the Community Based Medical College Hospital and Endocrine outpatient department of the Mymensingh Medical College Hospital after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. Data were collected through the interviewing of the patients. The collected data were entered into the computer and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.1. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee. Results: In a pool of 300 type 2 diabetics, Most of the patients (57.3%) belonged to the middle age group 41-60 years. More than half of the respondents were female (n=223, 74.3%). 97% patients were found to have knowledge about timing of dose regimen. Majority of patient’s (35.7%) knowledge about hypoglycemia was poor. The rate of adherence to diet was 51%. The rate of adherence to exercise was 68.3%. Conclusion: Majority of type 2 DM patients displayed optimal level of diabetes knowledge. There was a high rate of non adherence to diet and exercise recommendations by patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. So continuous patient education and awareness program are required. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 102-104