Rate controlled drug delivery systems are developed to overcome physiological adversities like short residence times and unpredictable gastric emptying times. Differences in gastric physiology such as gastric pH and motility exhibit both intra and inter subject variability

The metabolism of most antidiabetic drugs is initiated by Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes present in the human body. The result of this metabolism can be a formation of either active metabolites or inactive metabolites. There is possibility of alteration in the activity of CYP enzymes due to some phytoconstituents which are present in vegetables, fruits and ayurvedic products. In the present research, the effect of myricetin on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of canagliflozin was studied. Both normal and diabetic rats were used for study. Rats were categorized into different groups. One group received drug alone where as other groups administered a drug in combination with myricetin. Treatment was continued for 8 days and then blood samples were collected and analysed. The pharmacokinetic parameters like Cmax, tmax, AUC, MRT, Vd and ClT were estimated for all groups and compared with each other. The mean blood glucose levels were noted before and after treatments and compared among diabetic groups. Results revealed a fact that the myricetin has inhibited the activity of CYP 2C8, CYP 2C9 and CYP 3A4 enzymes, thereby causing to decreased metabolism of drug which ultimately resulted in the increase of Cmax and AUC. The Myricetin could raise the antidiabetic effect of canagliflozin.

The Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes present in the human body are responsible for the metabolism of most antidiabetic drugs. These CYP enzymes may metabolize the drugs either to active metabolites or to inactive metabolites. Some phytoconstituents which are present in vegetables, fruits and ayurvedic products will alter the activity of CYP enzymes. In the present research, the alterations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Nateglinide in the presence of a phytochemical like Capsaicin were studied. The study was conducted both in normal and diabetic rats. Rats were divided into different groups. Drug was administered as alone in one group and administered in combination with Capsaicin to other groups. After 8 days of treatment, the blood samples were collected and analysed. The Pharmacokinetic parameters like Cmax, tmax, AUC, MRT, Vd and ClT were estimated for all groups and compared. The mean blood glucose levels before and after treatments were recorded and compared among the groups. From the results, it could be concluded that the Capsaicin has inhibited the activity of CYP 2C9 and CYP 3A4 enzymes, thereby decreased the metabolism of drug which ultimately resulted in the increase of Cmax and AUC. The Capsaicin could raise the antidiabetic effect of drug.

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