The ability to modify and shape the surface of polymer and composite materials is crucial for a number of biological and electronics applications. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and graphene are two-dimensional materials that have distinctive electrical and optical properties that are useful in many optoelectronic applications. The latest applications of graphene∕MoS 2 , as well as heterostructure manufacturing, properties, and applications, are discussed. Heterostructured materials, as opposed to single-component materials, are designed to provide additional functionality or flexibility. Our study focuses on their unique traits and capabilities, as well as applications, notably in the field of photodetector technology.

In this study, we fabricated a composite of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with molybdenum disulfide (MoS[Formula: see text] using the laser ablation method for the first time, with different energy levels of 100, 300 and 500[Formula: see text]mJ. The structural, optical and thermal properties of the composite were investigated using various characterization techniques. The UV–Vis spectra showed a redshift in the absorption edge with the increase in laser energy. The FTIR spectra indicated the presence of functional groups in both PEG and MoS2, and the characteristic peaks of both components were observed. The refractive index of the composite was found to decrease with an increase in laser energy. TEM images revealed the presence of rod-like and spherical particles with different sizes. The energy gap of the composite was also found to decrease with an increase in laser energy. The high absorption of the composite in the near-visible and visible regions allowed the photodiode to detect light with high sensitivity and accuracy. It is showing that the forward bias current of ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Amp) is still relatively low and further optimization of the photodiode design and materials could lead to even higher current values and improved performance. These results suggest that the laser energy has a significant effect on the properties of the PEG–MoS2 composite. The obtained results demonstrate that the PEG–MoS2 composite has potential applications in various fields, including solar cells and drug delivery systems.

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.The nanocomposite, poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT)–graphene/molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), was for the first time fabricated by the pulse laser ablation (PLA) method with different numbers of laser pulses deposited onto a porous silicon (PSi) substrate using the drop-casting technique. Nanocrystalline PSi films are prepared by electrochemical etching of a P-type silicon wafer. The optical properties, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and photodetector properties were studied. Optical measurements confirmed that the energy gap decreases from 2.03 to 1.87 eV with the increasing number of laser pulses for graphene and MoS2. This decrease in the energy gap was attributed to the increase in graphene and its combination with molybdenum. Due to the higher electrical conductivity of the hybrid material, the MoS2 leads to reduce the band gap. From the TEM images, it was found that the average size of the particles was between 3.1 and 20.8 nm depending on increasing the number of laser pulses for both graphene and MoS2 with hemispherical particle shapes. The Ag  /  PSi  /  P3HT  −  G  /  MoS2  /  Ag photodetector was fabricated for all samples prepared to characterize the effect of laser pulses number for graphene and MoS2 on the photodetector performance. The maximum value of the specific response, specific detection, and quantum efficiency was 0.35  A  /  W, 5.1  ×  1012  cm Hz1/2 W  −  1, and 49.2% at 900 nm due to the absorption edge of silicon around 0.23  A  /  W, 3.3  ×  1012  cm Hz1/2 W  −  1, and 38.9% at 760 nm due to the absorption edge of P3HT  −  G  /  MoS2 NPS. The results indicate that the PLA method successfully fabricated the P3HT  −  G  /  MoS2 nanocomposites and that the resulting product exhibited high values in responsivity, detectivity, and quantum efficiency. Additionally, it appears that the nanocomposites may have enhanced the same parameters of the PSi photodetector.