Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and Perceived Financial Sustainability (PFS) are two topics that seem important to the tourism and hospitality industry in Egypt. Green management, in general, and GHRM, in particular, and its relationship with PFS remain relatively underexplored. This research examines the relationship between GHRM and PFS in a selection of tourism and hospitality enterprises in Egypt. It uses the most commonly used four dimensions of GHRM; these are: green recruitment and selection, green training and development, green performance management; and green reward and pay. A survey was conducted on a non-random -purposive‖ sample of enterprises within the tourism and hospitality industry in Egypt. The findings of this research show that GHRM, in general, enhances managers' perception of financial sustainability. The results also reveal that both green training and development and green performance management are positively and significantly related with PFS, while green recruitment and selection and green reward and pay are not significantly related with PFS. The paper concludes with suggestions for managers of tourism and hospitality enterprises in Egypt and for future researches.

Tourism is a key stimulator of economic growth and foreign currency in Egypt. As an export sector, it could affect and be affected by changes in exchange rate. This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between exchange rate and tourism stock prices and examines the effect of exchange rate volatility on tourism stock prices in the Egyptian Exchange (EGX). Exchange rate is proxied by the USD/EGP official values. Granger causality test and ARCH/GARCH models are employed. Results provide an evidence of a unidirectional causal relationship between the tested variables from exchange rate to tourism stock price. The estimations of the GARCH model reveal that exchange rate variance accelerates stock price variance, and depreciation in the EGP against USD enhances tourism stock performance. Findings provide decision-makers, financial managers, and investors with a better understanding of how exchange rate volatility affects the stock performance of tourism companies in the EGX, and offer researchers new directions for future research.

With the increasing number of tourist arrivals and changing tourism patterns and preferences, the importance of stimulating tourism investment in Egypt has become apparent. This paper aims at examining the macroeconomic determinants of tourism private investment in Egypt from 2002 to 2019. Seven macroeconomic variables are used to model tourism private investment in Egypt using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework. The main findings of the study show that in the long run pub1ic (government) investment, rea1 exchange rate, tourist arrivals and tourism revenue are positively correlated with private investment in the tourism sector, while real lending rate and political stability are negatively correlated with tourism private investment in Egypt. Short-run results are also consistent with the long-run outcomes. The outputs of this paper provide essential data for formulating and executing policies that aim at enhancing private investment in the tourism sector in Egypt.

Tourism industry plays a significant role in the economic development in Egypt. Identifying the effects of macroeconomic variables on the performance of tourism companies is important and of great interest to decision-makers and investors. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic relation between interest rate and the stock performance of tourism companies, as measured by the stock price, in the Egyptian Exchange (EGX). The linear Granger causality test, Cointegration analysis and Error Correction Model (ECM) are employed to establish the relationship between the tested variables. Findings show that a unidirectional causal relationship exists between the variables evaluated from interest rate to tourism stock price. A positive longrun cointegration between the tested variables is observed and a rise in interest rate by 1% triggers stock price rise of 26.8%. The coefficient of error correction indicates that 0.03% of the deviation of stock price is adjusted in the short-run. The study ends with implications for decision-makers, financial executives in tourism companies and researchers in the field.