No abstract

Abstract-Energy awareness plays an important role in developing routing protocol for the battery powered wireless sensor networks. As the replacement of the battery is often unfeasible in practical situations, we present here an optimal solution for the maximum utilization of precious available energy at the same time trying to minimize the latency in data delivery. We propose to form hierarchical chains with deployed sensors to collect information from a target field where data get fused at every node level before transmitted finally. Our protocol utilizes the higher energy nodes for more frequent long distance transmissions so that the energy expenditure become even between all nodes in the network irrespective of their physical locations. It has been found in our simulation that this protocol outperforms other hierarchical protocols like LEACH and PEGASIS in both the cases of energy consumption and time requirements respectively. It has been also found that the overall lifetime of the sensor network also increases in our protocol.

Wireless sensor networking, an emerging new field in technology, now opens a variety of application scenarios including remote surveillance, military or home security, disaster warning and so on. Energy efficiency of the network is considered with utmost priority in order to lengthen the lifespan of the network. Here we propose a two layer hierarchical routing protocol called Group-based SEnsor Network (GSEN), which ensures the minimum energy dissipation in the network while introducing only reasonable amount of delay in data delivery. Simulation results show that GSEN performs better than other hierarchical routing protocols such as LowEnergy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System (PEGASIS). In addition, GSEN is completely self-configurable and robust to any changes in network topology.

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), nodes closer to an event are able to detect the event earlier and more accurately, thus contain more important information. Also, tiny nodes are usually scarce of energy and a major portion of their energy is used through communication. Therefore saving the energy by allowing only a limited number of communications is desirable in designing protocols for WSNs. We propose a data-driven Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol which allows only the more useful information to enter into the medium by using a modified contention mechanism and also suppressing other spatiallycorrelated data that are of less importance. Simulation results show that the proposed MAC outperforms the existing ones in terms of event reporting delay and packet delivery ratio for urgent data.