This study aimed to diagnose Lumpy skin desease by isolation and identification of LSD from suspected naturally infected cattle and to study its effect on immuno-biochemical parameters, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. The study was conducted on 25 cattle, 1-3 years age from two cities in the Sharkia governorate. Ten clinically healthy cattle represented the control group and fifteen suspected diseased cases by LSD represented the infected group. The clinical signs of suspected cases showed anorexia, skin nodules all over the body, fever above 40˚C, edema in forelimbs and dewlap, enlarged superficial lymph nodes, retarded milk production, and abortion in some cases. The virological examination of LSDV from the samples of skin nodules was done. Isolation from skin nodules was done on MDBK cell line and embryonated chiken egg through chorioallantoic membrane route followed by identification using fluorescence technique . Molecular studies including phylogenetic analysis for three positive isolates showed similarity to previously locally isolated strains in Egypt and close relation to strains of SPPV. Immunobiochemical results revealed a significant increase in aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase , alkaline phosphatase , Malondialdehyde , Tumor necrosis factor , Interleukin4,immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G . Meanwhile, a significant decrease in total protein, albumin, globulin, Glutathione peroxidase, phagocytic assay, calcium, inorganic phosphorous, sodium, and potassium with a nonsignificant change in magnesium was seen when compared to control ones. It could be concluded that the infection with LSD in cattle induce severe effects on immuno-biochemical, antioxidant parameters, and inflammatory markers causing great economic loss ‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

Multidrug resistant Klebsiella spp. (MDR) and the extended-spectrum 𝛽-lactamases (ESBL) producing strains are one of the dominantly pathogenic bacteria that involved in bovine respiratory infections. Its spreading problem is growing rapidly especially it could combine resistance with high-level of virulence traits that make it is more difficult to be treated. This study provides insight into the respiratory infections by Klebsiella spp. and its MDR profile in bovine cases, as well as the potential target genes that were involved in the links between virulence determinants and MDR. The bacterial examination of 200 nasal swabs and 30 lung tissue samples (taken from 30 emergency slaughtered cattle) indicated that Klebsiella spp. was recovered in 55/230 (24%) of all samples with a high proportion of K. pneumoniae (18.7%). In-vitro antibiogram exhibited a wide MDR phenotype. The virulence genes (fimA, aerobactin, rmpA and magA) were exhibited in 90%, 85%, 90% and 80% of the tested isolates, respectively. Moreover, ESBL-resistant markers (bla CTX-M , bla TEM and bla SHV ) were found in 100%, 85% and 80% of the same isolates, respectively. A significant positive correlation (R = 0.7) was reported between aerobactine and magA virulence genes and bla TEM and bla SHV ESBL resistant genes, respectively. In addition, the hemato-biochemical analysis of 100 blood samples (50 from naturally infected and 50 from apparently healthy cattle) revealed significant decreases in the haemobiogram parameters levels meanwhile, leucogram picture total proteins, globulins, urea, creatinine levels were significantly increased in klebsiella-infected animals. An alarming increase in MDR and ESBL klebsiella bovine infections necessitates a controlled use of antibiotics in cattle farms and warrants sustainable monitoring of antibiotic emergence events and further studies for their genetic phenotypic interrelation. Moreover, the haemato-biochemical alterations in the klebsiella infected cattle could be act as biomarkers for bacterial infections.