Background: Hypoadiponectinemia and raised total leukocyte count have been associated with coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to investigate association of serum adiponectin levels with total leukocyte count in patients of coronary artery disease belonging to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methods: This cross-sectional/analytical study consisted of two groups. Group A contained 100 patients of coronary artery disease while group B contained 100 healthy controls. Consent of the study subjects was obtained, their history was recorded and fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum adiponectin level, total leukocyte count (TLC), serum lipid profile which included serum total cholesterol (T-C), triglyceride level (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Adiponectin level was determined with ELIZA method, TLC was estimated on automated hematology analyzer and lipid profile was determined using enzymatic colorimetric method. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data. Results: Subjects with coronary artery disease when compared to healthy subjects showed significantly high level of total leukocyte count (9.26±1.488 vs. 6.37±4.052) and low level of serum adiponectin (4.3±0.80 vs. 9.6±3.69). Moreover, serum lipid profile showed low HDL-C (30.04±9.1 vs. 43.64±7.3) and raised triglyceride (220.1±67.7 vs. 181.86±41.4), total cholesterol (229.3±37.01 vs. 189.4±32.7), and LDL-C (153.78±38.53 vs. 109.16±33.91) levels. Significant negative association of adiponectin with TLC (r -0.826 with p<0.01) was observed in the study subjects. Conclusion: We observed elevated level of total leukocyte count and reduced level of adiponectin in subjects with coronary artery disease. Moreover, hypoadiponectinemia correlated negatively with TLC levels.

Background: It has been unknown whether there exist any relations of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level with hyperlipidaemia in polycystic ovarian syndromes patients. To determine Association of CRP with Hyperlipidaemia in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Method: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted among 50 each polycystic ovarian syndrome and normal women. After taking a written consent from participants predesigned questionnaire was filled including information regarding demography and medical history. A 3 to 5 ml blood was taken from patients and controls and transferred to laboratory for determination of CRP level and lipid profile. The test results were collected, compiled, entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20 for determination of any kind of association of CRP with Hyperlipidaemia in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Results: The mean age of study participants was 29.72±4.00 for cases and 29.04±3.99 for control. The cases and control were with the same age range, however there was a significant difference p=0.00 in BMI of the cases and control. There was no significant association observed between CRP and lipid profile parameters among polycystic ovarian syndrome patients. Conclusion: There exist no association between increasing CRP level and hyperlipidaemia in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients however CRP and lipid profile parameters showed high values among these patients.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine frequency of the appropriate use of platelet concentrates in a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in Department of Pathology, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) General Hospital, Islamabad for a period of six months from 1st January to 30th June 2021. Patients of both genders, above five years of age receiving platelets transfusions during the study period were included in this study. An informed consent was obtained from the patients. The data was collected on a predesigned form that included patient demographic and clinical details. All patients were categorized whether the platelet transfusion was appropriate or inappropriate according to the mentioned definitions. To control confounding effects of various factors and to avoid bias in the study, the exclusion criteria were strictly followed. t test was applied to find statistical difference between appropriate and inappropriate transfusions. Results: Out of total 331 patients, 169 (51%) were females while 162 (49%) were males, male: female ratio being 1: 1.04. Mean age was 41.75 + 23.1 years with a range of 6-92 years. Maximum patients were in 31-40 years age group. Single donor platelet units were transfused to 55(16.6%) patients while rest 276 (83.4%) patients received random donor platelets. 301 (90.9%) had appropriate transfusion while 30 (9.1%) patients received blood transfusion due to inappropriate indications. (p <0.0001). Conclusion: From this study it was concluded that a significant number of patients in hospital setting receive inappropriate platelet transfusions. Key Words: Appropriate, Platelet concentrates, Transfusion