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The Neotropical spider genus Neoxyphinus Birabén, 1953, is revised, comprising 10 species found from the West Indies to northern Argentina. The genus is characterized by a unique combination of characters, which include the presence of a set of low tubercles or large spikes on the posterior surface of carapace; male endites with an apical, retrolateral excavation bearing a subapical toothlike apophysis; palpal bulb strongly inflated; embolus compact, S-shaped, with large, round ejaculatory opening; epigynal atrium large, with angular lateral corners. The large, round ejaculatory duct may be a synapomorphy of the genus. The genus Hawkeswoodoonops Makhan and Ezzatpanah, 2011, is synonymized with Neoxyphinus and the two species included in that genus are considered as nomina dubia. The monotypic genus Decuana Dumitrescu and Georgescu, 1987, is also synonymized with Neoxyphinus and its type species, D. hispida Dumitrescu and Georgescu, 1987, is transferred to the genus and redescribed. Confirming a hypothesis raised in the literature, Dysderina termitophila Bristowe, 1938, is transferred to Neoxyphinus and recognized as the senior synonym of the type species N. ogloblini Birabén, 1953. Two other

ABSTRACT. Alpaida guto n. sp. is described based on males and females from State of Pará, Brazil. This species appears to be the most abundant Alpaida O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 species in Caxiuanã National Forest, eastern Amazonia. The males seem to be close to A. antonio Levi, 1988 but can be easily distinguished by the terminal apophysis with rounded distal lobe and long, slender basal prong; females differ from those of A. yotoco Levi, 1988 by the median lobe with a basal constriction and by the bilobed median plate.