We investigate the efficiency of Generalized Kudryashov and improved F-expansion methods in solving nonlinear partial differential equations. The Dodd-Bullough-Mikhailov equation is considered to implement these methods. Both methods allow us to construct a number of travelling wave solutions of the governing equation. However, the Generalized Kudryashov method is found more direct, effective and requires less tedious symbolic computations compared to the improved F-expansion method. Our analysis also reveal that the basic version of either of the methods could be effective enough to acquire the fundamental wave solutions of the governing equation.

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2 This study focused on using quartz porphyry (QP) as a water treatment to improve hydroponic production of komatsuna (Brassica rapa L. nothovar; Japanese mustard spinach). We compared the chemistries of the control and QP-treated nutrient solutions and found that magnesium (Mg 2+ ) and calcium (Ca 2+ ) concentrations increased linearly up to day 21 following sowing in both conditions, then declined slightly. The QP treatment reduced sodium (Na + ) and chloride (Cl − ) concentrations for the whole cultivation period. In both the control and QP-treated solutions, nitrate (NO − 3 ) and sulfate (SO 2− 4 ) showed the same trend to a daily increase. In spite of these similarities, however, komatsuna production was better with the QP-treated nutrient solution compared to control. Treatment with QP during cultivation in August{September reduced the harmful effects of Na + , chloride (Cl − ), nitrite (NO − 2 ), and SO 2− 4 by reducing concentrations of these ions, possibly leading to decreased salinity and toxicity effects in the plants. Mineral concentrations during October{November differed from those of August/September, resulting in variation among the different growth parameters for komatsuna.

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