This study was performed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant capacity, antihyperglycaemic and anti‐inflammatory activities, and simulated gastrointestinal digestion of 7‐day‐old freeze‐dried barley sprouts (BS), one hybrid and one nonhybrid variety: ‘NS565’ (BSNS) and ‘Golozrni’ (BSG), respectively. BSNS expressed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) content of total phenols, chlorophyll and carotenoids. Phenolic compounds were the most dominant bioactives in both BSNS and BSG (713.25 and 479.02 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW, respectively). BSNS possessed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) antioxidant capacity, evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays, and reducing power (IC50DPPH = 0.54 mg mL−1; IC50ABTS = 0.79 mg mL−1; RP0.5 = 9.35 mg mL−1). Antihyperglycaemic and anti‐inflammatory activities of BSNS (IC50AHgA = 1.43 mg mL−1; IC50AIA = 1.86 mg mL−1) were also significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than BSG (IC50AHgA = 1.97 mg mL−1; IC50AIA = 4.40 mg mL−1). In vitro simulation of gastrointestinal digestion showed higher release of phenolic compounds in intestinal fluid than in gastric fluid.

This research was carried out to study phytochemical profile, in vitro antioxidant capacity, reducing power, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory activities and simulated gastrointestinal digestion of 7-day old cereal sprouts: spelt wheat 'Nirvana' (WSSpe), wheat 'Simonida' (WSSim), oat 'Golozrni' (OSG) and oat 'Jadar' (OSJ). OSG expressed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) total phenols (TPC) and flavonoids content (TFC), antioxidant capacities (DPPH and ABTS assays) and reducing power (EC = 2.12 mg/ml; EC = 0.87 mg/ml; EC = 12.24 mg/ml) as well as anti-hyperglycemic activity (EC = 0.96 mg/ml). WSSpe had the highest content of chlorophyll (131.23 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (22.84 mg/100 g). WSSim possessed the most potent anti-inflammatory activity (2.71 mg/ml), though not significantly different from OSG (2.77 mg/ml). The in vitro simulation of gastro-intestinal digestion showed higher release of phenolic compounds in intestinal than in gastric fluid.

In recent years, sprouted grains have become very popular and widely accepted as a functional food because of their nutritious and health benefits. So, this study was performed to evaluate the phytochemical com­position, and in vitro antioxidant capacity, reducing power, antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities, of seven-day old cereal sprouts (CS): Cultivars, barley NS565 (BSNS), barley Golozr­ni (BSG), wheat Spelta (WSSPE), wheat Simonida (WSSIM). Phenolic compounds were the most dominant bioactives in all CS. BSNS expressed significantly higher (p≤ 0.05) content of total phenols, chlo­rophyll and carotenoids. The total flavonoids content (TFC) in CS showed that barley sprouts (BSNS, BSG) had the higher value (P≤ 0.05) than wheat sprouts (WSSPE, WSSIM) respectively. The freeze-dried sprouts powders (FDSP) extracts were screened for possible antioxidant ca­pacities using DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power (Rp) assays. The results indicated that the BSNS possessed higher antioxi­dant capacities in DPPH and ABTS assays, and reducing power (IC50DPPH = 0.54 mg/ml; IC50ABTS = 0.79 mg/ml; IC0.5RP = 9.35 mg/ml) respectively. The inhibitory effect of FDSP extracts on α-glucosidase activity was investigated. The BSNS extracts exhibited higher inhibitory activity (IC50AHgA = 1.43 mg/ml) against α-glucosidase (p≤ 0.05). The anti-inflammato­ry activity (Denaturation of protein in vitro) showed signifi­cantly different between the FDSP, and Diclofenac sodium (DS). The IC50AIA of DS and BSNS was 0.79 and 1.86 (mg/ml) res­pectively. There was a strong positive correlation between TPC and antioxidant activities and reducing power, and also between TFC and anti-inflammatory activity.