Antioxidant activity for Morus nigra L. fruit extracts ethanol (Eth. ext.), flavonoid (F. ext.) and anthocyanin (A. ext.) and the isolated pigment (Pig. a) was evaluated using different methods such as (β-carotene-linoleic acid assay, reducing power assay, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and total antioxidant capacity). The results proved that Pig. (a) was the most potent antioxidant followed by A. ext. and Eth. ext. Black mulberry fruits contained the highest amount of total phenolic content followed by Eth. ext., whereas flavonoid ext. contained the highest amount of total flavonoid content followed by black mulberry fruits. The effect of pH, temperature and storage had been studied to evaluate the remaining antioxidant capacity of the prepared extracts and Pig. (a). The results showed that the antioxidant capacity was decreased with increasing the time of boiling, storage and extreme pH values.

The present work aimed to study the effect of feeding broiler chicks on diets containing different levels of curcumin, anise ground seeds and their interactions as natural feed additive on immune response and nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus retention efficiency percentage and economical evaluation. A total of 297, one-day-old Ross308 broiler chickens were randomly allocated to nine experimental treatments with three replications of eleven birds each (3×3). Three curcumin levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and 3 anise ground seeds levels (0, 0.50 and 1%) added to basal diet. The results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) improvement in IgM for birds fed on diets containing anise seeds (0.5 or 1% in diet). There was significant (P<0.05) effect due to interactions of curcumin and anise levels on IgG at age 21 day and IgA at age 42 day. There was no significant effect of curcumin, anise seed alone and interactions on the bursa percentage and spleen percentage at the age of 42 days. The results also showed a decrease in nitrogen retention efficiency percentage in birds fed diets containing curcumin at age 43-45 day. The rate of calcium retention efficiency percentage decreased in birds fed diets containing anise seeds at age of 43-45 days. It was recommended that curcumin as medical herbs should be add at level of 50 mg/kg diet or 100 mg/kg curcumin plus 0.5% anise ground seeds to achieve higher immunity of broiler chicken (Ross 308).

Even though various synthetic compounds have a well action as anticorrosive, they are not cheap and are toxic to both environment and humans. Nevertheless, in C-steel, there is a vital concern, which is serious corrosion issues happen through exposure to environments of aggressive acidity i.e., descaling, oil well solutions of acidity, and pickling. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the inhibition effect of wild onion (WO) extract as an eco-friendly inhibitor on the behavior of corrosion for C-steel in 0.5 M HCl through the conventional weight loss approach. Various concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) of inhibitor in various times of immersion (2, 4, and 8 h) and at different temperatures (25°C, 35°C and 45°C) were investigated for their C-steel corrosion inhibition in corrosive media. In the presence and absence of the inhibitor, the corrosion rate (CR) was investigated as affected by temperature. The concentration of the inhibitor and temperature-controlled the inhibition efficiency %E of the inhibitor. At the existence of wild onion extract, the ideal efficiency of inhibition for C-steel was 98.95%, 88.99%, and 86.79% at 2.5% inhibitor concentrations at the preceding temperatures, respectively. It was noticed that adsorption was spontaneous and physical as proved through adsorption value of free energy ΔG°ads (‒13.5 kJ/mol) and also fitted Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The surface coverage θ and corrosion current density Icorr data confirmed the previous result where inhibition is due to the adsorption of physical nature for the components of the additive on the C-steel surface.

Background and Objectives: which leads to increase bone fragility and fractures. Current studies proved that oxidative stress (OS) has involved in bone resorption. Thus, this study aimed to levels of oxidative stress parameters between postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and without osteoporosis to show whether there is a relationship between oxidative stress parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) or Subject and Method: In this cross who visited Duhok Rheumatoid Center and performed bone densitometry were enrolled. A study questionnaire was used to collect the required information from participants. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin (CP), peroxynitrite (PN), total bilirubin (TBIL) calcium and vitamin D (VD) were studied Results According to world health organization (WHO) criteria, normal BMD was determined in 12% of the study population, women w 36% of women were identified as having OP. Women with OP had significantly higher mean values of MAD, PN and CP as compared to controls. Mean values of remained unchanged. Similarly, VD showed no signific high prevalence of VD deficiency among the study population. This study showed a negative significant correlation between total BMD, lumbar women with OP. Conclusions: The present study s diagnosis of low bone mass in postmenopausal women.