There is an increasing focus on researching children admitted to hospital with new variants of COVID-19, combined with concerns with hyperinflammatory syndromes and the overuse of antimicrobials. Paediatric guidelines have been produced in Bangladesh to improve their care. Consequently, the objective is to document the management of children with COVID-19 among 24 hospitals in Bangladesh. Key outcome measures included the percentage prescribed different antimicrobials, adherence to paediatric guidelines and mortality rates using purposely developed report forms. The majority of 146 admitted children were aged 5 years or under (62.3%) and were boys (58.9%). Reasons for admission included fever, respiratory distress and coughing; 86.3% were prescribed antibiotics, typically parenterally, on the WHO ‘Watch’ list, and empirically (98.4%). There were no differences in antibiotic use whether hospitals followed paediatric guidance or not. There was no prescribing of antimalarials and limited prescribing of antivirals (5.5% of children) and antiparasitic medicines (0.7%). The majority of children (92.5%) made a full recovery. It was encouraging to see the low hospitalisation rates and limited use of antimalarials, antivirals and antiparasitic medicines. However, the high empiric use of antibiotics, alongside limited switching to oral formulations, is a concern that can be addressed by instigating the appropriate programmes.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of thyroid malignancy in clinically and sonographically solitary thyroid nodule in patients undergoing thyroidectomy in Comilla Medical College Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of Comilla Medical College Hospital during the period from January 2016 to January 2019. This study includes all patients admitted and undergoing surgery with solitary thyroid nodule. Results: Out of 188 patients 146 patients were female and 42 patients were male with female:male ratio of 3.4:1. Out of 188 patients 24 patients were found histologically thyroid malignancy. Among them 14 patients were male and 10 patients were female. Papillary carcinoma was found in all cases. Conclusions: Follicular carcinoma is rare in our country. Histopathological examiners may not efficiently be doing their job to differentiate carcinoma from adenoma.

To evaluate the early post-operative complications and the risk factors in relation to the extent of surgery in patients undergoing thyroidectomy in a tertiary level hospital. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study from 1st November 2017 to 30th April, 2018 in department of ENT & Head-Neck surgery, Comilla Medical College Hospital, Comilla, 50 patients who underwent thyroid surgery were included this study. Result: In total 50 patients' thyroid surgery were performed for different indications. The patients were between 21-60 years of age with a maximum incidence in 4th decade, out of them 42 patients were female and 8 patients were male with a female male ratio 5.25:1. Among the 50 patients, 27 patients were diagnosed as nodular goitre, 8 patients as papillary carcinoma, 11 patients as follicular adenoma & 4 patients as follicular carcinoma. In this study papillary carcinoma is prevalent in 3rd decade and follicular carcinoma in 4th to 6th decade & Nodular goitre 4th decade. Nodular goitre was the most frequent indications (54%) which was followed by papillary carcinoma of thyroid (18%). The only six complications noted in these 50 patients. Postoperative hematoma in 1 patient, transient hypocalcemia in 2 patients, unilateral RLN palsy in 2 patients and airway obstruction in 1 patient. Conclusion: For preventing early post-operative complications thorough anatomical knowledge and gentle operative technique is essential.

Background: Extent of viable myocardial tissue has been recognized as a major determinant of recovery of left ventricular (LV) function after myocardial infarction. The present research was aimed at assessment of myocardial viability and prediction of left ventricular functional recovery in patients after acute anterior ST-elevated myocardial infarction using Tissue Doppler strain. Methods: In this prospective observational research, 47 patients admitted into the hospital with acute anterior ST-elevated myocardial infarction were included. All patients underwent two-dimensional and strain echocardiography within 48-72 hours of admission. Follow up two-dimensional echocardiography had performed at 6 months after baseline examination. Results: Total 47 patients (mean age, 57±5 years) underwent two-dimensional and strain echocardiography within 48-72 hours of admission. Significant relations were observed between baseline global systolic lengthening strain and wall motion score index (r=0.67), change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, r= -.844), Global Ses (r=.441) and on admission troponin I (r =0.397). At 6-months follow-up, LV ejection fraction was reassessed. Patients with absolute improvement in LV ejection fraction ≥5% at 6-months follow-up (n=24; 51%) had a higher (more negative) baseline global Ses strain (P<0.001) and lower global systolic lengthening (P<.001). A cutoff value for baseline global systolic lengthening strain of 7.6% yielded a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 87% to predict LV functional recovery at 6-months follow-up. Conclusions: Global Left ventricular strain (Ses and Systolic lengthening) early after acute anterior ST-elevated myocardial infarction reflects myocardial viability and predicts recovery of LV function at 6-monts follow-up. University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 22-30

Background: Teaching-learning of Anatomy is become challenging due to change in undergraduate medical curricula and reduction of time allotted for studying Anatomy. Moreover, students are never tried of using memory enhancing techniques like mnemonics that results better retention of recalled anatomical knowledge. But teachers’ experiences regarding different aspects of mnemonics are still sketchy. Objective: To analyze the experiences of the Bangladeshi Anatomy teachers’ in using mnemonics on teaching-learning of Anatomy. Material and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to analyze the experiences of 63 Bangladeshi Anatomy teachers regarding different aspects of anatomical mnemonics and their suitability in teaching-learning of Anatomy. Results: Most of the surveyed teachers had experience of using anatomical mnemonics as a student (88%). Most (82%) of them used mnemonics in Regional Anatomy and also got the highest number of choices (90%) as the subdivision of Anatomy where mnemonics are likely to be effective. Most of them relate themselves with memory enhancing techniques in Anatomy. Conclusion: Most of the teachers’ used mnemonics as a student, mostly in Regional Anatomy where the use of mnemonics was likely to be more effective than any other subdivisions of Anatomy. KYAMC Journal. 2022;12(04): 226-230