<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Prior knowledge about temporal bone anatomy and extent of cholesteatoma may help the ENT surgeon to plan the surgery and avoid impending complications. This study aims to evaluate the role of pre-operative high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in cholesteatoma and to compare HRCT findings with intra-operative findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A diagnostic evaluation study was performed among 30 atticoantral cholesteatoma cases presenting in the ENT outpatient department of MES Medical College in Malappuram, Kerala over a period of one and half years. The intraoperative findings were considered as the gold standard to which the radiological features were compared and the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of HRCT were determined.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> High sensitivity of HRCT was noted in detecting soft tissue in mesotympanum 94.4% and aditus ad antrum 94.1%. Low sensitivity 59% was noted in detecting stapes erosion when compared to malleus and incus erosions. Except in conditions of soft tissue in epitympanum, dural plate dehiscence and sclerotic mastoid, a high specificity of 100% was noted in all other findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study reaffirms the usefulness of HRCT in pre-operative evaluation of cholesteatoma-atticoantral type. </p>

<p class="abstract">Rhinofacial entomophthoromycosis or conidiobolomycosis is a rare subcutaneous mycosis seen in immunocompetent people and shows significant male preponderance. It is caused by a saprophytic fungus ‘conidiobolus coronatus’ or rarely conidiobolus incogruus. The mode of transmission is probably inhalation of fungal spores, which implant in nasal mucosa and cause an orofacial granulomatosis. It is reported mainly in tropical and subtropical countries. The infection is frequently underreported since it requires high level of clinical suspicion. Histopathology and fungal culture are the diagnostic modalities. No single antifungal drug has been found to give consistent results against this infection. Here we present a case of rhinofacial entomophthoromycosis (conidiobolomycosis) in an adult male with a disfiguring lesion over the dorsum of nose. The patient was started on itraconazole initially. Following no response to the treatment, he was administered potassium iodide solution. The patient was observed to have symptomatic improvement, but was lost to follow up.  </p><p class="abstract"> </p>

BACKGROUNDTemporalis fascia is the most commonly used graft material for tympanoplasty with closure of the perforation of 70% to 90% of cases. We propose a novel modification of inlay surgical technique, pedicle temporalis fascia graft, to improve the graft take-up rate without compromising the hearing results Aim-The purpose of this study is to assess the take-up rate and hearing results of type 1 tympanoplasty using pedicle temporalis fascia graft.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Adenoidectomy is one of the most common surgeries done in children. Over the years many techniques have evolved like powered adenoidectomy, radiofrequency ablation, electro cautery etc. Use of endoscopes has enabled surgeons to perform adenoidectomy under direct vision. The objectives of the study were to compare blood loss of conventional and endoscopic assisted powered adenoidectomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this a prospective observational study of 30 children attending ENT department in MES Medical College was done. In the conventional technique, adenoidectomy was done using St Claire Thomson adenoid curette. In powered adenoidectomy technique, micro debrider was used under guidance of 0⁰ nasal endoscope (2.7 mm). Intra operatively blood loss during surgery were looked for and noted in both groups.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the study of 30 children divided in to 2 groups who are comparable statistically. Average blood loss in patients who underwent CA was 38.53 ml and in patients who underwent EAA was 28.27 ml, with standard deviation of 4.704 and 3.863 respectively. The difference in mean blood loss was 10.26 ml.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic assisted powered adenoidectomy has lower blood loss as compared to conventional adenoidectomy.</p>