The current paper aimed to identify the relation between ecological intelligence (EI) and the types of multiple intelligences (MI); and pointed out how ecological awareness could be raised through activities of MI. Data was gathered from the freshman students (N = 68) who studied at the Department of Primary Education. Four measures were used in this case study: interviews, multiple intelligence inventory (MII), ecological intelligence scale (EIS), and students' 5-min notes. Correlation analysis was used to find the relationship between the students’ ecological intelligence and the types of MI. The responses to interview questions were coded into discrete themes. Findings indicated that the intelligence type which had the most correlation with the sub-dimensions of EIS was InterP. Moreover, moderate relations were determined between the sub-dimensions of EIS and the types of MI which were Bodily/Kinesthetic (BK) and Visual/Spatial (VS). Although the students had difficulties in activities such as drama and role-playing for BK intelligence, they enjoyed, and had better motivation to learn collaboratively during the activities through visual tools. Ecological intelligence relates to various types of MI. Based on this assertion the activities of MI should be integrated in-class environmental activities for students to acquire ecological awareness and sensitivity.

The theoretical knowledge and practice are connected through deep thinking and reflection during the research and inquiry process in the laboratory environment. Throughout the inquiry-based experiments, students can make this connection by developing their science process skills. In this respect, the aim of this study is to examine the development of students' science process skills in the Systematic Qualitative Analysis of Cation (SQAC) experiments conducted using I diagram tool. This research was carried out using qualitative research methodology. Case study was applied within the scope of qualitative research methods. The case examined in the research is to monitor the change of the science process skills of SQAC experiments of university level students in a process where guided inquiry-based learning approach is applied. The participants of this research consisted of 31 students studying in the Faculty of Education's Chemistry Teaching program of a state university and attending the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory-I course. In the research, I diagram tool and Laboratory Proficiency Test (LPT) were used as data collection tools. In data analysis, I diagram documents were scored with an analytical scoring key. LPT data was analyzed according to the accuracy level with analytical criterion scale. The study was conducted for a total of 10 weeks. The results obtained from I diagram tools showed that the students mostly developed in logical argument, experimental design, data collection, data transformation and results sections. The results also inferred that the development of causal and experimental skills of students from science process skills was improved with the development of logical argument section which included skills such as hypothesis writing, designing experiments and prediction. The results obtained from LPT data showed that students' observation and writing reaction skills developed over time and there was a high increase in their ability to make inferences about experimental procedures. There was also an increase in the full correct answers given to the test at the end of the inquiry-based process. Eventually, the students can better interpret the observations made with theoric knowledge and experience they have gained during the experiments and therefore have some or all of the scientific truths related to the question.

Bu çalışma öğretmen adaylarının öz yeterlik inançları ile geribildirim arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmeyi ve oluşabilecek davranış değişikliğini anlayabilmede öz yeterlik inançlarının geribildirim türü, sıklığı, ders deneyim saati gibi çeşitli değişkenlerle olan ilişkilerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, bir devlet üniversitesinin 2014-2015 ve 2015-2016 öğretim yılları Bahar dönemlerinde Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Bölümü’nde Fizik, Kimya ve Biyoloji Eğitimi Anabilim Dalları'nda öğrenim gören son sınıf öğretmen adayları (N=102) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kullanılan veri toplama araçları kişisel bilgi formu,  Fen Alanları (Fizik, Kimya, Biyoloji) Öğretimi Öz yeterlik İnanç Ölçeği ve Geribildirim Ölçeği’dir. Verilerin analizinde ortalama, standart sapma, ANOVA, korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; öğretmen adaylarının fen alanları öğretimi öz yeterlikleri bakımından yüksek düzeyde öz yeterlik inancına sahip olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Geribildirim ölçeğinde ise mesleki gelişim boyutunda yüksek puanların ortaya çıkması geribildirimin öğretmen adaylarının mesleki yeterliliklerini ve performanslarını değerlendirmede önem taşıdığını göstermektedir.  Ayrıca, öğretmen adaylarının öz yeterlik puanları geribildirim türü, sıklığı ve ders deneyim saatlerindeki değişimlerde anlamlı fark göstermektedir.

The present investigation aims to analyze the knowledge levels and chemical representation levels of preservice primary school teachers (PPSTs) on the experiment of distillation. For this purpose, the crosssectional survey technique, one of the quantitative research designs was employed. The study was carried out at a Faculty of Education in the Aegean Region of Turkey with 79 freshman pre-service teachers enrolled in the Department of Primary Education. This group is of particular interest as they are the last class who had taken the General Chemistry course since this course was removed from the curriculum in 2018. A Distillation Experiment Worksheet (DEW), which consisted of 9 open-ended questions involving the macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic representations was used as data collection instrument in the study. The worksheets were analyzed with the document analysis method according to the categories created within the scope of the chemical representation levels, and these categories were established in line with direct statements of the PPSTs. Results indicated that PPSTs confused the heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures, physical properties such as volatility and density, and they were unable to differentiate between boiling and evaporation. The most crucial result of the study was that the PPSTs had difficulties in establishing a relationship between macroscopic and sub-microscopic representations. For this reason, they could not demonstrate the interactions between solvent and solute molecules at the submicroscopic level during molecular dissolution and they could not predict how the intermolecular interaction changes during the condensation and the distance between the particles. Based on the results of this analysis, our study provides several recommendations for lecturers in the last part of this paper.

The study aims to determine the subject matter knowledge of Prospective Primary School Teachers (PPSTs) and analyze their chemical representation levels on crystallization. The study was carried out with descriptive research with a qualitative approach based on this purpose. The study participants were eighty freshman students studying at the Department of Primary Education in a state university in the Aegean Region of Turkey. The data were collected using a worksheet containing seven open-ended questions regarding the crystallization experiment. The questions were about the solubility of salt in water, the formation of the salt water and its solubility-temperature graph, the formation of the saturated salt water, and the appearance of particles formed during crystallization. A worksheet was prepared to determine the chemical representation levels of the PPSTs, and the data were subjected to document analysis. The researchers conducted a demonstration experiment and an animated video on the extraction of table salt by crystallization as an activity during the study process. The results indicated that PPSTs' responses related to crystallization were mainly at the macroscopic level. At the same time, they had great difficulty explaining at the levels of sub-microscopic and symbolic representations.Moreover, they could not explain the concept of dissolution with scientific expressions and distinguish the mixtures from each other. Additionally, most prospective teachers could not draw the correct solubility-temperature graph, so they had difficulty in symbolic representations. The study results imply that to raise the quality of science education in Turkey, PPSTs must attend a quality teaching of science, so primary school students acquire scientifically accurate knowledge of the basic science subjects and concepts such as dissolution, solubility, and crystallization.