Objectives: This study aims to explore effects of ultrasound-assisted injection of the botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) on muscle thickness (MT) in patients with masseter hypertrophy. Patients and methods: Between December 2018 and December 2019, a total of 20 patients (3 males, 17 females; mean age: 28±6.9 years; range, 18 to 42 years) with bruxism who underwent BoNT-A injections were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were treated using individualized injection dosages and sites. Assessment methods included length between the tragus and the angle of the mouth, maximal bite force, and MT of the masseter muscle. Follow-up data were collected from the hospital electronic database. Results: There were 26 masseter muscles with masseter hypertrophy in 20 patients. There was a significant difference in ultrasonographic measurements of the relaxed and contracted masseter muscles between the baseline and two weeks, one month and three months after the treatment (p<0.05). In the ultrasonographic measurement of the relaxed masseter muscle, post-treatment third month values significantly differed from the second week values. The differences in the measurement of the line between the tragus and the angle of the mouth between the baseline and two weeks, one month and three months after the treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). In the maximal bite force measurements, no significant difference was observed between the baseline and post-intervention measurements (p>0.05). Conclusion: The MT decreases after a single dose of BoNT-A injection in patients with masseter muscle hypertrophy and ultrasonography is a convenient imaging modality for BoNT-A injection to the masseter.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to reveal the short-term effects of exercise therapy and manual therapy plus exercise therapy on pain, quality of life, and physical examination results in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction syndrome (SIJDS).METHODS: In this study, 64 patients who were participated were divided into two groups. The first group (exercise group) was assigned with the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) home exercise program and the second group (mobilization group) with the combined SIJ manual therapy and home exercise program. Physical examination tests, visual analog scale, and SF-36 evaluation were performed at the beginning of the study, at 24 h, at 1 week, and 1 month after the treatment. RESULTS:Both groups showed that the rate of pain in the posttreatment, after the first week, and the first month; the presence of pain in the sacroiliac region; and VAS values of the patients with SIJDS compared to pretreatment values were clearly decreased (p<0.05).All tests performed in the SIJ physical examination showed significant improvement within both groups (p<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in 1-month period (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:We found that the home exercise program and the manual therapy plus exercise program significantly improved pain intensity, quality of life, and the findings of specific tests in patients with SIJDS. In addition, superiority between the two groups in terms of pain intensity, quality of life, and specific tests was not determined.

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