Abstract. During recent years in Korea, the participants in outdoor recreation have significantly increased, and relevant industries have also shown a great growth. This phenomenon is to pursue outdoor recreation based on nature as a way of maintaining healthy lifestyle. This study aimed to explore how perceived restorative environment influences wellness, satisfaction, and loyalty by researching climbers in the National Park. The data were collected at four times only on weekends from 12 th July to 20 th July 2014 at the entrance of Mt. Dobong in Mt. Bukhand National Park in Seoul. Researchers selected every 5 th visitors with systematic sampling. Out of 420 collected questionnaires, except from 20 questionnaires which include unanswered items, 400 questionnaires were used for empirical analysis. The result of the analysis by using SEM shows that perceived restorative environment has a critical influence on wellness, and this wellness also affects satisfaction and loyalty. This result of the research provides a useful insight into how policy makers and practitioners in the National Parks, urban parks and Ministry of Health and Welfare develop the places for outdoor recreation based on nature in order to pursue wellness as a way of the improvement of the public health.

This study examined the way in which risk perception of fine particular matter influences behavioral intention within the larger context of outdoor recreation. Risk perceptions of fine particular matter were classified into three sub-dimensions: social-environmental risk, economic risk, and physical risk. Then, these sub-dimensions were applied to the theory of planned behavior. 345 responses were collected from recreationists throughout the Han-river region of Seoul. The results of data analysis prove that the socio-environmental and physical risks of fine particular matter positively influence attitudes and subjective norms among recreationists. This influence is also reflected in environmental perspectives but not in perceived behavioral control. On the contrary, there were no statistically significant differences among economic risk of particular matter and attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control respectively. It was also found that the attitude of outdoor recreationists, subjective norms, and the perceived behavior control of fine particular matter positively influenced behavioral intention. These findings imply that recreation participants are aware of their attitudes toward social, environmental and physical risks, but they are not fully aware in terms of the economic risk of fine particular matter.

As concerns for health increase, health-seeking tourists’ activities are increasing globally. In Korea, health-seeking activities based on nature have also increased significantly. To grasp this social phenomenon, therefore, this study delves into tourists’ healing psychology through empirical analysis focusing on tourists’ mindfulness, healing restorative environment, and the impacts on quality of life for participants in a nature-based healing program. This study found that healing tourists visiting “Forest Healing” ultimately improved their quality of life through their participation in the healing program. In detail, the higher the level of mindfulness, the greater the influence on nature emotional control, the healing restorative environment perception, and the greater the influence on attention restoration through healing restorative environment perception. Additionally, healing restorative environment perception and attention restoration influence on program satisfaction, and program satisfaction increased tourists’ quality of life. However, nature emotional control did not directly influence program satisfaction, but it indirectly influenced it through healing restorative environment perception. The results prove healing restorative environment is a very significant part in finding out the relations among tourists’ mindfulness, healing restorative environment, and the impacts on quality of life.

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