In the present study, we investigated the effects of exercise intended to prevent or treat lifestyle related diseases on the glucose tolerance, insulin level, lactic acid utilization, muscle glycogen synthesis, hepatic and renal oxidative stress, hepatic selenoprotein P and biological trace element levels in organs of obese, glucose intolerant rats. We fed normal, healthy rats a 20% casein diet while the glucose intolerant, obese rats received a high fructose diet. They were forced to run for one hour per day, six days per week, for ten weeks. Exercise reduced visceral fat and ameliorated glucose tolerance in the high fructose group, lowered blood lactic acid levels, improved lactic acid usage efficiency, and increased oxidative stress and hepatic levels of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn in the normal and high fructose groups. Addi tionally, exercise significantly upregulated hepatic selenoprotein P expression in both groups, however, its effect was remarkable in healthy group. On the other hand, muscle glycogen synthesis was not markedly enhanced in high fructose diet rats but in normal diet rats in response to exercise. It is concluded that exercise conditions rather than exercise load must be customized and optimized for each health and disease states in advance before starting exercise training intended to prevent or treat lifestyle related diseases.

In the present study, we investigated the beneficial and risky effects of exercise intended to prevent or treat lifestyle related diseases on insulin sensitivity, lactic acid utilization, lipid metabo lism, hepatic and renal oxidative stress, hepatic selenoprotein P and renal function in obese and glucose intolerant rats with renal failure. We fed normal rats a 20% casein diet while the glucose intolerant, obese rats received a high fructose diet, and after then rats received single injection of vancomycin at a dose of 400 mg/kg for constructing the duplicative state of renal failure and diabetes mellitus. They were forced to run for 1 h/day, 6 days/week, for 10 weeks. Exercise reduced visceral fat and ameliorated insulin sensi tivity in the high fructose group, improved lactic acid usage efficiency, however, increased hepatic oxidative stress and com plicated renal dysfunction in the normal and high fructose fed groups with renal failure. Additionally, exercise upregulated hepatic selenoprotein P expression and enhanced renal antioxida tive system in both groups. It is concluded that strictly controlled exercise conditions must be adapted to patient health states especially in view of kidney protection, and supplemental therapy is also recommended in parallel with exercise, using nutrients and vitamins for kidney protection.