This study discusses the phenomenon of spring-back and spring-go in the bending kinematic shaping process using V-bending dies and SGCC galvanized steel sheet (JIS G 3302) material. During the bending process, the zinc layer on the surface of the galvanized steel must not be damaged. The zinc coating on galvanized sheet steel will affect the material forming process (metal forming process). This study employed an experimental design with four input variables: die opening L (mm), punch angle (punch engel), punch speed (punch speed), and bending force (force bending). The input factors for the experiment are 35 mm opening, 40o punch angle, 30 mm/minute punch speed, and 7500 N bending force. In the die opening setting conditions, the maximum spring-back angle is 35 mm, the punch angle is 40 °, the punch speed is 30 mm/minute, and the bending force is 6500 N. The average minimum and maximum spring-back angles in this condition are 0.71o and 4.08o, respectively. The bending force is 7000 N, the punch angle is 50 °, the punch speed is 40 mm/minute, and the minimum spring-go angle is 30o. In die opening parameters, the maximum spring-go angle achieved is 35o, the punch angle is 60o, the punch speed is 50 mm/minute, and the bending force is 700 N. The average minimum and maximum spring-go angles are 1.90o and 6.23o, respectively.
This study presents a comprehensive review of the improved optimization for powder coating process variables in mild steel (SPCC-SD). The effective thickness of the dry film thickness (DFT) keeps a significant influence on the critical protection of mild steel against rust. In the powder coating process, the variable thickness is one of the primary and difficult objectives to accurately control the desired consistency. This empirical study properly uses RAL 7040 epoxy-polyester with the required thickness between 70-100 microns. This empirical study aims to reasonably achieve the optimal value of the effective thickness of the powder layer from specific combinations of specified process criteria. Practical experiments were properly conducted out manipulating an orthogonal Taguchi L16 array of independent variables; program, distance, application method, and the number of layers. This optimization method has been successfully upgraded. The average thickness of the powder coating layers reaches 84.85 microns. For a given limit, the application-method of typically preventing the determined cause correctly examined efficiently provides the most significant effect on effective thickness with an S/N ratio of 0.91. In the future, the relevant research may use our corresponding results to improve the powder coating procedure for other significant impacts.
This article present the optimization work describes out to joint the dissimilar galvanized steel of SECC-AF (JIS G 3313) and SGCC (JIS G 3302) material. A zinc coating on the surfaces of the galvanized steel sheets will decrease the weldability characteristic of the material. This study used dissimilar galvanised steel sheets to obtain the highest tensile shear strength from the specified resistance spot welding. This research used the Taguchi method with 4-variables and mixed-experimental levels. The mixed-experimental level, namely 2-experimental levels for the first variable and 3-experimental levels for other variables. The highest tensile shear strength was achieved in 5282.13 N. This condition is achieved at a squeezed time of 20 cycles, 27 kA-welding currents, welding time of 0.5 seconds, and holding time of 18 cycles. The S/N ratio analysis has shown the welding current had the most significant effect, followed by welding time, squeeze time, and holding time. The delta values of S/N ratio were 0.79, 0.64, 0.26 and 0.07, respectively. The ANOVA analysis has shown that the P-value of welding current and welding time is 0.006 (0.6%) and 0.015 (1.5%), respectively. This result is expected for optimizing resistance spot welding quality in other materials or significant aspects.
Proses pemanenan padi di desa Pasirtanjung Karawang masih dikerjakan secara tradisional menggunakan sabit, proses seperti demikian tidak ergonomis karena berpotensi terjadi kecelakaan kerja dan juga dilakukan dengan postur kerja yang tidak sehat dengan skor analisis REBA 9 (risiko tinggi), sehingga dapat mengakibatkan cedera otot rangka (musculoskeletal disorders), selain itu kurang efisien dari segi waktu proses pemanenan, karena waktu proses pemanenan cukup lama yakni 70 detik/M². Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan perancangan ulang dan pengembangan alat pemotong rumput mesin agar dapat berfungsi menjadi alat pemanen padi yang ergonomis. Proses pengembangan produk dilakukan dengan pendekatan reverse engineering, sedangkan penentuan ukuran dimensi komponen alat pemanen padi berdasarkan pada data antropometri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa alat pemotong rumput mesin dapat dikembangkan menjadi alat pemanen padi multifungsi yang dapat membuat sistem kerja menjadi lebih sehat dan aman dengan adanya penurunan skor REBA menjadi 3 (risiko rendah), selain itu, waktu penyelesaian proses pemanenan padi menjadi lebih cepat yakni hanya 13 detik/M², hal ini terjadi efisiensi waktu 80,42%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian ini efektif dalam merancang alat pemanen padi yang ergonomis serta berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi waktu proses pemanenan padi. Kata Kunci: antropometri; reverse engineering; perancangan dan pengembangan produk; ergonomis.
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi risiko ergonomi pada operator mesin potong guillotine pada departemen finishing di PT. XYZ, Karawang. Proses pemotongan merupakan bagian penting dari proses produksi sebelum produk dibungkus, masuk gudang dan sampai ke konsumen. Para operator dalam melakukan pekerjaanya dipengaruhi oleh posisi kerja, postur kerja, performa tubuh dan beban fisik. Beban kerja berlebih, postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis, menyebabkan pekerja harus mengeluarkan tenaga lebih sehingga pekerja lebih cepat mengalami kelelahan dan berpotensi timbulnyakeluhan musculoskeletal. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 16 pekerja. Metode penelitianyang digunakan merupakan metode analitik dengan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). Hasil analisis NBM memberikan informasi perubahan distribusi tingkat keluhan musculoskeletaldisorders (MSDs) operator sebelum bekerja: tidak sakit (TS)=58,3%, agak sakit (AS)=37,5%, sakit (S)=3,3%, sangat sakit (SS)=0,9%; dan setelah bekerja: tidak sakit (TS)=44%, agak sakit (AS)=43,1%, sakit (S)=10,5%, sangat sakit (SS)=2,4%. Jenis keluhan paling dominan untuk tingkat keluhan SS baik sebelum maupun setelah bekerja adalah “sakit pada pinggangâ€. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat risiko MSDs pada operator mesin potong guillotine 63% kategori “rendah†dan 37% kategori “sedangâ€. Sebelum kondisinya menjadi lebih buruk perusahaan disarankan untuk melakukan perbaikan prosedur kerja dan rotasi kerja secara berkala untuk mengurangi risiko MSDs yang dialami pekerja. Kata Kunci: Operator Guillotine, Beban Kerja, Nordic Body Map, risiko MSDs
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