Asthma is a common condition affecting 8.3% of the adult population in the United States. The disease is characterized by chronic airway inflammation that leads to airway hyperresponsiveness and obstruction that results in coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and a feeling of chest tightness. The diagnosis and classification of asthma is based on reported symptoms, physical examination findings, and spirometry. Pharmacologic therapy is prescribed using a stepwise approach that begins with inhaled short-acting beta 2 -agonists for intermittent asthma with the addition of daily inhaled corticosteroids for more persistent cases. Individuals with asthma are reevaluated on a regular basis to monitor symptoms, and pharmacologic treatments are adjusted as needed. Familiarity with the stepwise approach for asthma management and confidence in the efficacy and safety profiles of inhaled medications will assist clinicians in successful management of asthma in the primary care setting. a low-dose inhaled corticosteroid in addition to a shortacting beta 2 -agonist to use as needed for acute symptoms. The clinician demonstrated inhaler usage, provided teaching on avoiding asthma triggers, and developed a written asthma action plan with C.E. A follow-up appointment was scheduled for 4 weeks.Note: This case summary is a composite of elements from different individuals. PATHOPHYSIOLOGYThe pathophysiology of asthma is complex in nature. The primary feature is airway inflammation caused by 18 1526-9523/09/$36.00