Introduction: Among adolescent girls, iron deficiency is not uncommon due to various factors. During this period, iron deficiency anemia can greatly impact various factors of daily life, and additional iron supplementation might be needed. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to observe the benefits and side effects of iron folate tablet supplementation in adolescent women garments workers. Methods: This cross-sectional observational and descriptive study was conducted with the female adolescent garment workers of one garment factory located in the Narayangonj district. The data collection for the study was done in a very short period of time, from the 1st week of April to the 2nd week of July 2002, which led to a small sample size of 188 adolescent female workers. Result: Among the participants, 98.40% were Muslim, over half the participants were unmarried, 46.28% had been illiterate, and 51.06% had education up to class 1-3, Among the 81 married cases, 45.68% had husbands who received education from class 1-5, 48.94% had 2- 5 family member, 46.81% had 6-9 family members, and 4.26% had 10-12 family members. The financial characteristics of the participants revealed that 35.11% had 1500-3000 monthly income, 58.51% of the participants had 3-5 earning members, and 40.96% had only 1-2 earning member’s Per capita income was between 286-600 for 34.57% of participants, between 601-1000 for 53.19% participants. It was observed that in 3rd week, 43.62% had good health, 28.72% had increased work performance, and 13.83% had been free from sickness. By 4th week, 38.83% had good health, 25.00% had increased work performance and 10.11% had been free from sickness, which was true for the following weeks as well. In terms of side effects, anorexia, constipation, black stool, and vomiting were observed, with the highest frequency in 4th week of iron supplementation. Conclusion: The study observed that socio-demographic factors had no effect on the acceptance or reluctance ...

Background:Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism with diverse clinical manifestations. Zinc (Zn) has been used for treatment of WD. Recent studies showed low serum zinc level in patients suffering from WD than the normal. Objective: This cross sectional observational study has been designed to compare the serum Zinc level in children suffering from different presentation of WD before started treatment. Methods: This work was carried out at the department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and nutrition, BSMMU, Dhaka between July’ 2018 to June2019. Total 27 children diagnosed as WD disease, aged between three to eighteen years were included in this study. The patients of WD were divided into four groups according to their presentation as acute hepatitis, decompensated liver disease, acute liver failure and Wilson disease with neurological manifestation. Informed written consent were obtained from all patients for participation in this study. Along with other physical findings and laboratory investigations 3 ml of venous blood were collected for estimation of serum Zinc level. After estimation of serum Zinc level results were analyzed statistically. The difference in serum zinc levels were compared between the groups. Results: Serum Zinc level was founded low in all Wilson disease patients (43.8 ±19.7 [13-83] µg /dl) compared to normal value (64-124µgm. /dl). Among the patients, Serum Zinc level was significantly lower in those who presented as CLD (18 cases, 38.4±17.4µg/dl) and acute liver failure (4 cases, 33.1±3.7µg/dl) compared to those presented as acute hepatitis (4cases, 71.8±4.3 µg/dl) and p value was 0.001 and <0.001 respectively. Mean serum Zinc level was low in 4 patients suffering from acute liver failure (33.1±3.7µg/dl) but was not significant compared to those (23) who presented as Wilson disease non-ALF (45.7±20.8 µg/dl) (P= 0.013) and as Wilson disease CLD (38.4±17.4µg/dl) (p=.25). Conclusion: Serum Zinc level was lowered in patients of Wilson disease. Serum level of zinc was significantly low in patients presented as CLD and acute liver failure in comparison to patients with acute hepatitis. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41: 126-131

Background: Initiation of breast-feeding within 1hour after birth has been associated with reduced neonatal mortality. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative has profound effects on appropriate practice of BF and thus helps to reduce infant mortality and morbidity. Objective: This study was conductedin the dept.Gynae & Obs and Dept of Paediatrics of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital,Dhaka, to observe the rates of exclusive breast feeding and child health status after cancelling from Baby Friendly Hospital Methodology: 100 term babies of normal birth weight irrespective of sex, born in Sh.SMCH by NVD or caesarian section were included. Data was collected from the mother with a pretested questionnaire at postnatal period, at 6th week, 14th week & 6th month of age. Result: The mean age of studiednewborn (100) was 20.02±19.54 hours. All the infants started breast feeding after birth and among them fifty six percent initiated with in 1 hour. Fifty five percent mothers were fed breast milk more than 8 times of her baby in last 24 hours. Difficulty in breast feeding was found in 36(36.0%) infants, which was resolved mostly (94%) by nurse. Exclusive breastfeeding was found in 100% of infants during discharge from hospital. In 1st and 2nd follow up 95(95.0%) and 89(89.0%) infants were exclusively breastfed. In 3rd follow up at last week of 6th month 78(78.0%) infants were exclusively breast fed. Five(5%) and six(6%) infants received supplementary food in 1st and 2nd follow up respectively. In last follow up the number were eleven (11%) and the total number was 22(22%).The causes of supplementation were crying of baby due to perceived insufficient breast milk and job of the mother in 1st& 2nd and 3rd visit respectively. Weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in exclusive breast feeding group than the non EBF group and sickness were also more in non EBF group. Conclusion: Exclusive breast feeding was found in 78.0% of infants upto last week of 6 months. Crying of baby due to perception of insufficient breast milk and joining in outside job of the mother were the causes of introduction of formula milk in the 1st,2nd and 3rd visit respectively. Weight gain and sickness were significantly less in EBF group than in non EBF group. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2021; 13(2): 164-170

Background : Seizure is common neurological disorder in children. It is one of the common causes of referral of child to hospital and often requires emergency intervention. Rectal diazepam is the established first line drug for this purpose, but seizure recurrence and respiratory depression are the two major side effects. Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine with anticonvulsive activity at physiologic PH, which facilitates its effects on brain tissue. Midazolam is also easy to use, and no adverse events were reported in relation to the route of administration. Objectives : To compare the efficacy and safety of buccal midazolam with rectal diazepam in the treatment of prolonged seizures in children. Methodology : This prospective randomized study was conducted in the Department of pediatrics, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and Mitford Hospital, from March 2018 to December 2018.Fifty (50) patients aged 3 months to12 months who were convulsing and experiencing prolonged seizure (lasted >5 minutes) were included. Patients was randomly assigned to one of the two treatment arms: rectal diazepam and buccal midazolam. Primary and secondary outcome was compared between 2 treatment arms. Primary outcome was: 1. cessation of visible seizure activity within 10 minutes. 2. without recurrence of seizure in the subsequent hour. Secondary outcome included: 1. proportion with cessation of convulsion and exact time needed for cessation of convulsion within 10 minutes2. proportion of seizure recurrence in the sub sequent hours and within 24 hours after initial control and exact time of recurrence within the respective period. Also the safety and adverse effects were also compared. Results : The two groups did not differ significantly in sex, age, type of seizures, temperature, and baseline RBS, respiratory rate and blood pressure. Comparing the 2-treatment group, 13 (52%) patient experienced treatment failure who received rectal diazepam compared with 7 (28%) who received buccal midazolam (P>0 .05). For initial cessation of seizures, 18 (72%) seizures terminated within 10 minutes in the diazepam group compared with 19 (76%) in the midazolam and mean time to cessation of the seizure was 4.02±1.03 minutes and 4.4 ± 1.09 minutes respectively (p>0.05). Among the 18 children in whom seizure was initially controlled within 10 minutes by rectal diazepam, 6 (33.33%) of them experienced a seizure recurrence in the subsequent hour compared with 1 (5.26%) of 19 children in the buccal midazolam group (P<0 .05). children who experienced a seizure recurrence within 1 hour after initial control, the mean time torecurrence was 20.0±5.0 vs 25±0.0 minutes in diazepam group and midazolam group respectively (P =0.478). Seizure recurrence after initial control during the 24 hours after treatment was 5 (41.36%)vs 6 (33.33%).The mean time to recurrence within 24 hours was114.00±39.11.53 vs 320.83±173.10 minutes which was highly significant (P<0 .05) Conclusion : Buccal midazolam was as safe as and more effective with an improved efficacy over 1 hour (P<0 Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 12 No.1 July 2020, Page 493-498

Diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) which is a structural abnormality of the heart or intra thoracic great vessels in the earliest possible time is very important. Identifying the various modes of presentation, early referral and appropriate intervention can save lives and reduce risk of complications. The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical profile, complication and immediate outcome of children with congenital heart disease in first year of life. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from October 2011 to March 2012 among 50 children from zero to one year of age who was diagnosed as CHD by echocardiography admitted in Department of Paediatrics of ShaheedSuhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka and Department of Paediatric Cardiology of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among 50 infants acyanotic CHD was detected in 70% and cyanotic in 30% infants. Major structural defects were venticularseptal defect 34%, patent ductusarteriosus 30%, tetralogy of fallot’s 14%, transposition of great arteries 12%, atrial septal defect 6%. Presenting features were cough 82%, dyspnea 80%, poor weight gain 70%, feeding difficulty 68% and fever 58%. Frequently observed complications were failure to thrive, pulmonary hypertension and heart failure. Among the outcome of CHD 8% cases closed spontaneously, case fatality rate was 8% and the rest were advised accordingly for surgery, intervention and medical management among which 14% had device closure within the study period. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis, close monitoring and timely intervention can reduce complication of CHD. Bangladesh Med J. 2020 Sept; 49(3) : 17-21