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Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and disrupted insulin secretion. It is often linked to injuries, malfunction and failure of several organs in the long term. The elevated chromosomal disruptions and genetic complications in diabetic patients are due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species.Materials and Methods: The current study used chromosomal aberration assay and micronucleus assay to analyze the extent of abnormalities in the subjects.Results: The results showed increase in frequency of chromosomal aberrations in diabetic patients when compared to the control group (2.76±1.65 and 0.47±0.75 respectively). They also showed higher levels of micronuclei formation than the control participants (13.28±8.63 and 4.12±8.89 respectively).The correlation analysis indicated positive relationship between total aberrations and duration of diabetes.Conclusion: These results indicate that diabetes is associated with genomic instability and studies at a genetic level can be employed for early detection.

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Background: Cooking oil fumes (COFs) with smoking habits is a substantial risk that aggravates genetic modifications. The current study was to estimate the biological markers of genetic toxicity counting Micronucleus changes (MN), Chromosome Aberrations (CA) and DNA modifications among COFs exposures and control subjects inherent from South India. Materials and Methods: Present analysis comprised 212 COFs with tobacco users and equivalent number of control subjects. Results: High frequency of CA (Chromatid type: and chromosome type) were identified in group II experimental subjects also high amount of MN and DNA damage frequency were significantly (p < 0.05) in both subjects (experimental smokers and non-smokers). Present analysis was observed absence of consciousness among the COFs exposures about the destructive level of health effects of tobacco habits in working environment. Conclusion: COFs exposed workers with tobacco induce the significant alteration in chromosomal level. Furthermore, a high level of rate of genetic diseases (spontaneous abortion) were identified in the experimental subjects. This finding will be helpful for preventive measures of COFs exposed workers and supportive for further molecular analysis.