Long persistent luminescence (LPL) materials have a wide range of applications, such as in architectural decorations, safety signs, watch dials, and glow-in-the-dark toys. Present LPL materials based on inorganics must be processed into powders and blended with polymer matrices before use. However, micro powders of inorganic LPL materials show poor compatibility with common polymers, limiting the mechanical properties and transparency of the composites. Here, we report a polymer-based organic LPL (OLPL) system that is flexible, transparent, and solution-processable.Following low-power excitation at room temperature, this polymer-based OLPL system exhibits LPL after phosphorescence from the donor.Long persistent luminescence (LPL), also called long afterglow, is the phenomenon when, after being excited, a material in the dark emits light for several seconds, minutes, hours, or even days. [1] Received: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))Revised: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))

Organic long-persistent luminescence (OLPL) is a long-lasting luminescence from a photogenerated intermediated state, such as a charge separated state. Here, it is shown that many exciplex systems exhibit OLPL and that emission pathways of OLPL can be controlled by the relationship among local excited states and charge-transfer excited states of materials.

An internal-surface reversed-phase silica column was employed in the frontal analysis method to determine free drug concentration in warfarin (Wf)-bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixed solution and in indomethacin(Im)-BSA mixed solution. When a 4-ml portion of aqueous solution containing 2-30 microM Im and 28 microM BSA and a 10-ml portion of aqueous solution containing 0.5-175 microM Wf and 28 microM BSA were applied, the elution curves reached a plateau level corresponding to both free drug and drug-BSA complex (beta-plateau), followed by another plateau due to free drug alone (gamma-plateau). The drug concentration at the gamma-plateau agreed well with the free drug concentration determined after ultrafiltration of the same solution. The gamma-plateau was observed even when the applied volume was reduced to a level which was insufficient to produce the beta-plateau. The injection of a 400-microliters portion of the 0.5-100 microM Im and 28 microM BSA mixed solution and a 90-microliters portion of 50 microM Im and 550 microM BSA mixed solution onto the ISRP silica column gave a clear gamma-plateau. Compared to the conventional frontal analysis, the present method can determine a wide range of drug levels with much smaller injection volume. This method is applicable to plasma. By a single frontal analysis, both free and total concentrations of carbamazepine in plasma were determined simultaneously.

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