Background/Aim: While the PD-L1 22C3 pharmDx assay is an FDA-approved diagnostic assay for pembrolizumab use, not every pathology laboratory has the Dako Autostainer to use this assay. Since Ventana BenchMark platforms are more common, the Ventana SP263 assay can be used to inform treatment decisions involving nivolumab and pembrolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, some studies have shown discordant results between the two assays. This study aimed was to compare PD-L1 expression using these two assays. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 samples from consecutive cases of resected NSCLC were tested using the two PD-L1 assays. Results: The agreement rates of the two assays were 88-97% at various cut-offs. There was no significant difference between 22C3 and SP263 in tumour proportion score (p=0.455). Conclusion: The SP263 assay can be used in the place of the 22C3 assay for PD-L1 testing, for guiding therapy with PD-1 axis inhibitors in NSCLC.Recently, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (1-3). The identification of patient selection markers for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is critical because of the high treatment costs and potential toxicities associated with these agents. Evidence from clinical trials has revealed that PD-L1 expression on tumour cells (TCs), as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), is a biomarker for predicting the treatment efficacy of immunotherapy (4, 5).

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Highlights Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma (SPCH) is a rare benign lung tumor. SPCH presents with a ground glass opacity on CT scan. Preoperative definitive diagnosis as SPCH is a real challenge. Immunohistochemical staining is essential for diagnosis as SPCH.

Highlights Congenital partial pericardial defects are rare but can cause cardiac herniation. Pneumopericardium combined with pneumothorax suggests pericardial defect. Pneumothorax may worsen the heart protruding through the pericardial defect. VATS should be considered in the patients with a pericardial defect.