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Natural period and damping factor are important values in seismic design because of their impact on the response of superstructures when their behavior during an earthquake is estimated. However, commonplace earthquake observation records contain various effects, as represented by the soil-structure interaction. This study focuses on the records of large shaking table tests and investigates the vibration characteristics and time shift for reinforced concrete specimens subjected to more than one large amplitude seismic motion. The experimental data are analyzed using the autoregressive exogenous (ARX) model. Moreover, the effects of the maximum deformation caused by the large seismic motion on the vibration characteristics are investigated.