The two-level seismic design method using post-yield stiffness is proposed. The post-yield stiffness on the load-displacement relationship of the RC pier is found to be effective for the reduction of both the demand strength and the residual displacement under extreme earthquakes. Then, the two-level seismic design method is applied to the Unbonded Bar Reinforced Concrete (UBRC) pier that has the stable postyield stiffness. The smaller cross section is designed than the optimal cross section of the conventional RC structure. The performance of the UBRC pier is verified by the pseudodynamic tests, and as the results it is confirmed that the UBRC piers can be rationally satisfied with the required performance of the two-level seismic design.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

<p>This paper describes the results of an experimental study and nonlinear finite element method (FEM) in order to examine the shear failure mechanism of reinforced concrete (RC) beams using Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UFC) precast formworks by considering the effects of using UFC precast formworks, and with and without transverse reinforcement. The experimental results indicated that UFC precast formworks enhanced shear carrying capacity of RC beams.</p><p>Moreover, the RC beam with the transverse reinforcement in UFC precast formworks can provide the highest shear carrying capacity, which is proven that the transverse reinforcements can work efficiently with UFC precast formworks. In addition, the shear resistance mechanisms and evaluation method were discussed in this paper.</p>